M. A. H. Mondal
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, angabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
M. S. Parvin
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
S. C. Sarker
Veterinary Surgeon
Upazila Livestock Office, Kaharol, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
A. K. M. A. Rahman
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
M. T. Islam
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
Prevalence, Bovine tuberculosis, Cross-bred dairy cattle, Risk factors
Mymensingh Sadar,
Animal Health and Management
Diseases, Cattle
Study area: The study was carried out in 6 villages of Mymensingh Sadar, namely Nijkalpa, Salakandi, Kewatkhali, Bolashpur, Digarkanda and Badekolpa situated within 10 km around Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU). The city of Mymensingh stands on the bank of Old Brahmaputra River.
Study design: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of bTB in dairy cattle registered under Seed Bull Production Project of Animal Breeding and Genetics Department, BAU. The study was carried out between January and May 2012.
Study animals and husbandry practices: There are 135 dairy cattle registered for the seed bull production project of Animal Breeding and Genetics Department, BAU, Mymensingh. Our target was to screen all of 135 animals for bovine tuberculosis but blood samples were collected from 101 animals. The owners of other animals disagreed to provide blood samples. The range of daily milk yield of cross-bred cows is 8-20 liters and indigenous cows are 2-4 liters. The cattle management system in the area is small-scale dairy with traditional crop-based subsistence farming systems. The small-scale dairy system mainly practices zero grazing (Intensive) with occasional semi-zero (Semi-Intensive) and tethering systems (Extensive). The feeding practice is a ‘cut-and-carry system’. Green grasses provided are mainly road side grass. Paddy straw is the common rough age for all the cows. Adequate amount of concentrates including wheat bran, rice polish and oil cakes are provided with roughages. Vitamin mineral premixes are also added to ration irregularly. The common breeds are indigenous and their crosses with Holstein Friesian and Sahiwal. Manure removal is made on a daily basis and milking is done by hand.
Collection of serum samples: About 7 ml of blood was collected from jugular vein from each cattle in a disposable sterile syringe. The blood containing syringes were kept at room temperature at 45°angle for one hour for maximum clotting. Then the clotted blood containing syringes were kept in refrigerator (4°c) for overnight to get maximum serum yield and after centrifugation serum was separated by conventional method and stored at -20°c until tested.
Immunochromatographic assay: At first the test kit (Antigen Rapid Bovine TB Ab test kit) was removed from the foil pouch and placed on a flat, dry surface. Ten μ l (one drop) serum was added to the sample hole marked “S” on the test device with a capillary tube or single cannel micro titer pipette an d waited for 1 minute and then added 3 drops of the developing buffer into the developing buffer hole. Appearance of a purple band in the result window of the test kit within 20 minutes indicates positive result and indicating control band only in negative result. In positive cases, intensity of the faint purple band appeared within 20 minutes. No result was read after 30 minutes. Data collection A questionnaire was developed and all information relating the study objectives was recorded. Data on animal ID, herd size, age, sex, breed, coughing history, body weight, health condition, parity and husbandry system were recorded. Statistical analysis Data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and transferred to R 2.14.2 (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Descriptive statistics were obtained using Data Mining package of the software R 2.14.2. Risk factors analysis was done using stepwise backward elimination method as described by Dohoo et al. (2003). A total 101 cattle from 56 households were tested with rapid bTB diagnostic kit. The overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was 5.9% (95% Confidence interval: 2.2-12.5). History of coughing was significantly associated with bovine tuberculosis seropositivity (p<0.009).
Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 179-183, ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)
Journal