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Studies on Feeding Effect of Different Levels of Iodine in Salts at Consumption Level

A.K.Obidul Huq*
Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902.

Md. Abu Zubair
Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902.

Md. Mohiduzzaman
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000.

Nazma Shaheen
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000.

Md. Aminul Haque Bhuyan
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine the optimum level of iodine in salts at household level which is best suitable to fulfill daily requirements and not excrete too much iodine in urine. A total number of 99 households of 3rd categories and 4th categories employees of Dhaka University, Bangladesh, living in university campus, were randomly divided into 3 groups. A total 778 causal urine samples from 351 individuals of the total households were collected and urinary iodine was estimated by the wet digestion method adapted by Gutekunst et. al. to determine the feeding effect of different levels of iodine in salts. The overall median urinary iodine were 202.7, 196.9 and 238.0 ug/l during baseline study and baseline consumption pattern showed that mean iodine content of salts were 41.6, 34.1 and 36.9 ppm in group-1, group-2 and group-3 respectively. The first follow-up results showed that the overall median urinary iodine were 92.9, 165.2 and 265.6 ug/l and at that time their average iodine content of the experimental salts were 17.5, 27.5 and 45 ppm in group-1, group-2 and group-3 respectively. During first follow-up the majority (72.7%) of the selected population were biochemically iodine deficient in group-1 whereas, almost all (99.1%) were normal in group-2 and a remarkable fraction of the population (37.9%) excreted excessive urinary iodine in group-3. The second follow-up findings indicates the overall median urinary iodine were 156.5, 169.3 and 180.3 ug/l in group-1, group-2 and group-3 respectively and at that time their experimental salt contained same amount of iodine (25-30 ppm). Iodine nutriture status of the study subjects during second follow-up revealed that almost all subjects (97.3%) were normal in group-1, on the other hand, biochemically deficient or excessive excretion of urinary iodine was not observed in group-2 and group-3 i.e. all of the subjects were within the normal range (UI 100-299.99 ug/l) of urinary iodine excretion.

Keywords: Iodine nutriture, Urinary Iodine and Biochemical deficiency

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to determine the optimum level of iodine in salts at household level.

Methodology:

Present cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the appropriate level of iodine of iodized salts at household level, which covered 99 households from Dhaka University campus in capital city, Bangladesh. All members of those 99 selected household were included. Initially a total 351 respondents were selected. On the initial day all households member's casual urine and salt samples that they were consuming at that time were collected, simultaneously the left over salts in each household were taken away and given them new salts with known iodine content (estimated in the laboratory, 15-20 ppm to group-1, 25-30 ppm to group-2, 40-50 ppm to group-3) and asked them to take only that particular salts for 10 days. On the day 11, their urine samples were again collected and simultaneously, new salts (25-30 ppm containing salts to all households) were provided them for their consumption and advised them to take only those salts for 7 days. On the last day i.e.18th day, urine samples were again collected. A total of 99 salt samples were collected from 99 households. Salt samples were put in an individual disposable polythene bag, which was sealed off airtight and brought to IDD laboratory at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka. Salt iodine was measured by titrametic method. During the study period a total of 778 urine samples from 351 subjects of the 99 households were collected from the respondents. The urine samples were collected in disposable cups and were transferred to clean, dried, wide mouthed screw capped plastic bottles. Then the urine samples were carried in plastic cartons and brought to IDD laboratory at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Science (INFS), Dhaka University. The samples were stored in a deep freeze until analysis. Urinary iodine was measured by wet digestion method adapted by Gutekunst et. al. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for data entry and data analysis. Microsoft excel was used for graphs and charts.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 18-19, December 2005-2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that salt containing 15-20 ppm of iodine in households is not sufficient to fulfill the requirements of all the categories of subjects in a household. On the other hand, salt containing 40-50 ppm of iodine in households is more than enough for all types of subjects in the households. But the salt containing 25-30 ppm of iodine in households is best suitable to fulfill the normal requirements of all categories of subjects in a household and to prevent too much iodine excretion in urine. Therefore, all the evidence indicates that iodine should be mixed in factories in such a way that before being consumed in households, iodine content in salt should be present between 25-30 ppm.

Knowledge Management: Journal