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Health and Quality of Vegetable Seeds Grown in Northern Bangladesh

N. Khatun
MS student
Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

I. Hossain
Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

P. Dey
Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seed health and quality status of laffa (Malva verticillata), mustard (Brassica spp.), Indian spinach (Basella alba), jute (Corchorus capsularis), red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), swamp cabbage (Ipomoea aquatica), spinach (Beta vulgaris var. Bengalensis), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), amaranth (Amaranthus gangetica), snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina), cucumber var. khira (Cucumis sativus), cucumber var. shosa (Cucumis sativus), bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), wax gourd (Benincasa hispida), sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula), radish (Raphanus sativus), carrot (Daucus carrota var. sativa), yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), brinjal (Solanum melongena), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) grown in northern part of Bangladesh were tested. A total of ten seed-borne fungi were found to be associated with their seeds. The seed-borne fungi detected in the test were Alternaria spp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Curvularia spp., Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., Chaetomium spp. and Rhizopus spp. Total seed-borne fungal infection was the highest in bean seed (159%) and the lowest in brinjal (3.5%). Germination of seeds ranged from 11 to 92% showing the highest germination in cucumber var. khira and the lowest in cabbage. Among the seed samples of 24 vegetables, the highest seedling vigor was found in snake gourd (3030.3) followed by bean (2433.4) and the lowest in cabbage (78.43).

Keywords: Vegetable seed, Seed health, Ggermination, Seedling vigour

Location: Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Vegetables

Objectives:

The present research project was undertaken to assess the health and quality of vegetable seeds collected from the northern part of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Collection of seed samples: Seeds of laffa (Malva verticillata), mustard (Brassica spp.), Indian spinach (Basella alba), jute (Corchorus capsularis), red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), swamp cabbage (Ipomoea aquatica), spinach (Beta vulgaris var. Bengalensis), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata), amaranth (Amaranthus gangetica), snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina), cucumber var. khira (Cucumis sativus), cucumber var. shosa (Cucumis sativus), bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), wax gourd (Benincasa hispida), sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula), radish (Raphanus sativus), carrot (Daucus carrota var. Sativa), yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), brinjal (Solanum melongena), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) were collected from northern regions of Bangladesh. The vegetables were grown in those areas and seeds were stored under farmers’ conditions. Seed samples were obtained from the farmers just at sowing time. Collected seeds were poured in polyethylene bags and stored in a refrigerator at 4⁰C. Detection of seed-borne fungal pathogen: Working samples of 200 seeds of each crop were taken from the refrigerator and used for detection of seed-borne fungi. Standard blotter method as suggested by International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) was followed to detect seed-borne plant pathogenic fungi associated with the collected seeds. Working seed samples were surface sterilized in 1% chlorox for 5 minutes, rinsed in sterilized water for three times and plated on blotter in 90 mm glass Petri dishes. Each Petri dish received 10 to 25 seeds depending on seed size. After 10 days of incubation, fungi grown on the seeds were isolated and identified based on morphological characters observed under binocular compound microscope. Germination test: Standard procedure suggested by ISTA was followed for testing seed germination. Substrates, temperature and duration of test were the same as recommended by ISTA. Working samples of 400 seeds were used for germination test. Seedling vigor test: The vigor of the seedlings was determined as: Vigor Index= (mean root length + mean shoot length) × percent seed germination. Experimental design and data analysis: All experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 2010 to 2011. The experiments were laid out following a completely randomized design with sufficient number of replicated plates. Data were analyzed using MSTAT-C computer program. Analysis of variance and level of significance were done following Gomez and Gomez. Mean differences were judged using Duncan’s multiple range test.

Source of Information: J. Plant Pathol. 30(1&2):17-22, 2014;SSN 1012 9279

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the findings of the present study, it may be concluded that the seed samples of different vegetables collected from northern region of Bangladesh were of good quality except sweet gourd, bitter gourd, bean, cabbage and cauliflower.

Knowledge Management: Journal