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Response of Pumpkin Breeding Lines to Papaya Ringspot Virus-w

Fatema Begum
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

M. A. T. Masud
Vegetable Division, HRC, Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

A. M. Akanda
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

I. H. Mian
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted under field condition to screen 29 breeding lines of pumpkin against Papaya ring spot virus-W (PRSV-W) under artificially inoculated condition. Five lines (Pk67-1-9-10, Pk13-1-1-9, Pk01-10- 9-4-7, BARI mistikumra 1 and Pk102-5) showed characteristic mosaic symptoms of PRSV-W infection. Seventeen lines (Pk05-4-1-1, Pk67-1-9-10, Pk67-1-9-6, Pk37-1-4-6, Pk13-1-1-9, Pk20-2-1-9, Pk02-2-1-6, Pk55- 2-2-10, Pk61-1-1-5, Pk54-4-12-9, Pk54-4-12-1, Pk05-1-2- 4, Pk05-1-2-10, Pk01-10-9-4-7, BARI mistikumra 1, Pk102-5 and Pk105-2) manifested positive reaction in ELISA to PRSV-W infection. Of these, 7 lines showed resistant reaction having disease incidence of 13.3 to 24.4% and 12 lines exhibited negative reaction to PRSVW which was graded as highly resistant. Maximum disease incidence (58.3%) was recorded on Pk67-1-9-10 while minimum on Pk13-1-1-9 (9.0%). Significantly the highest disease severity and AUDPC were found on line BARI mistikumra 1. The disease severity ranged 13.3- 15.0% and AUDPC ranged 46.7-52.5 in three lines (Pk13- 1-1-9, Pk20-2-1-9 and Pk02-2-1-6). Pumpkin lines which showing highly resistance and resistance reactions to PRSV-W may be used in breeding program for pumpkin improvement program.

Keywords: PRSV-W, Pumpkin line, Response, Plant growth, Yield

Location: The experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2011

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Pumpkin

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to determine the response of pumpkin lines to PRSV-W and to determine the effect of PRSV-W on plant growth and yield.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted to screen 29 pumpkin lines against PRSV-W under artificially inoculated condition. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during October 2011 to April 2012 to screen. PRSV-W infected pumpkin plants of previous year experiment were selected on the basis of visible symptoms and Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent-Assay (ELIZA). Leaf samples were collected from the selected PRSV-W infected plants. Inoculum of PRSV-W was prepared by grinding the infected leaves using mortar and pestle in 0.02 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Leaf sample to buffer ratio was 1:10 (1 g infected leaf and 10 ml buffer). The sap of infected pumpkin leaves obtained after passing through double-ply cheese cloth was used as inoculum. Mechanical inoculation method using carborundum powder (800 meshes, Fisher Scientific, Fair Lawn, NJ) was followed. Seedlings of the selected lines were raised in polyethylene bags. Before development of the true leaf, both cotyledons of seedlings were rubbed with carborundum powder to make minor injuries. The inoculum sap was soaked with cotton and gently rubbed on the injured areas of leaf. After inoculation, carborundum powder was washed off with sterilized distilled water. Inoculated pumpkin seedlings were kept in aphid-proof cages for 10 days and transplanted in the main field. Standard procedures were followed for cultivation of land, preparation of bed and pits, application of manures and fertilizers, transplanting of seedlings, intercultural operations. Pumpkin plants grown in the experimental field were checked at 55 days after transplanting to record the incidence of PRSV-W. Disease incidence was identified based on visible symptoms followed by serological test using PRSV-W antiserum. The lines which showed positive reaction to PRSV-W antiserum were graded as susceptible and those showed negative reaction to the antiserum were graded as resistant. Data on disease incidence, disease severity and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) of virus disease in experimental field were recorded through frequent visit after appearance of symptoms. Disease incidence was estimated using a standard formula as: Disease incidence (%) = (Number of diseased plant or parts / Total number of plants or parts checked) x 100. The lines were graded based on degree of disease incidence as highly resistant (HR=0.0% disease incidence), resistant (R=0-25% disease incidence), moderately resistant (MR= 26-50% disease incidence), moderately susceptible (MS= 51-75% disease incidence) and susceptible (S= 76-100% disease incidence). Disease severity was expressed in percent disease index (PDI). The PDI was computed using a standard formula as: PDI = ( ∑Disease grade x number of plants in grade/Total number of plants x highest disease grade). The severity of virus disease of pumpkin was indexed on a 0-5 indexing scale, where 0 = no visible symptoms, 1 = slightly mosaic on leaves, 2 = mosaic patches and/or necrotic spots on leaves, 3= leaves near apical meristem deformed slightly, yellow, and reduced in size; 4= apical meristem with mosaic and deformation, and 5= extensive mosaic and serious deformation of leaves. Area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC) wad calculated using the formula as: AUDPC=Σ ([xi+xi+1)/2] (ti+1-ti), where, Xi= cumulative disease incidence, expressed as a proportion of observation, ti= time (days after planting) the ith observation and n= total no. of observation. The experiment was laid out following randomized complete block design with three replications. Each replication was consisted of four plants. Data con growth parameters (branches/plant and vine length), yield (relative to fruits/plant, yield/plant) and total soluble solids (%TSS) were recorded. Correlation of plant growth parameters and yield with PRSV-W incidence determined using MSTAT-C software and mean separation was done by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol. 30(1&2):37-42, 2014; ISSN 1012-9279

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Achievement/Findings:

Finding of the present experiment showed that plant growth and yield of pumpkin are affected by the PRSV-W. The findings are consistent with findings of previous researchers. They found that disease incidence was used and positive effects on plant growth could be proved. The positive effect of growth on the nutrients uptake was also proved with tomato, cucumber and other plants.

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