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Controlled Release of Nutrients from Capsulated Ammonium Sulphate, Super-phosphate and Muriate of Potash in Two Soils of East Pakistan

A. ISLAM
Department of Soil Science, Dacca University

A. SOBHAN HOWLADER
Department of Soil Science, Dacca University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Of the three elements, the rate of release of nitrogen from Ammonium sulphate was highest. In 30 days, 44.01 percent of nitrogen released from the capsule in Tejgaon clay loam, while in Sonalata sandy loam it was 48.98 percent. Within 90 days, all the nitrogen had moved out of the capsule. The rate of release of phosphorus from fertilizer capsule was substantially low. Only about half of the phosphorus had moved out of the capsule in 90 days. The rate of release of potassium from capsulated muriate of potash ranged between the rates of nitrogen release at one end and phosphorus release at the other. 64.42 to 68.16 per cents of potassium moved away in 90 days. Thus the rates of release of nutrients were in accord with the relative solubilities of their carriers. When two grams of each of the three fertilizers were capsulated together, the rates of release of nitrogen (after 15 days from the date of placement), phosphorus and potassium decreased than their rates when capsulated alone. This slow rate of release was due to higher weights of the mixture. When the rates of release of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium placed alone or in combination were compared, the rates were higher in Sonatala sandy loam than those in Tejgaon clay loam. The higher rate in Sonatala sandy loam was associated with the light texture of the soil compared to heavy textured Tejgaon clay loam. This study indicated that the rate of release could be controlled by encapsulation of Ammonium sulphate, superphosphate and muriate of Potash fertilizers. While ammonium sulphate and muriate of potash might release nutrient more uniformly, but encapsulated superphosphate provides a limitation as no phosphorus was released in Tejgaon clay loam during 15 days period and only about 5 percent was released at the end of 30 days. By this time 44.01 percent nitrogen and 26.42 percent potassium were released. This may cause unbalanced nutrition. This probably explains the non-significant results obtained by the use of capsulated fertilizer by previous investigators.

Keywords: Release, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Capsulated ammonium sulphate, Superphosphate and Muriate of Potash

Location: Department of Soil Science, Dacca University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To determine the rate of release of nitrogen, phosphorus and Potassium from capsulated ammonium sulphate, superphosphate and muriate of Potash alone and together in two soils of East Pakistan.

Methodology:

Soil samples representing 0-6" depth and differing in pH, mechanical and chemical compositions were collected from Mirpur and Aricha, in the district of Dacca. The soils belong to Tejgaon and Sonatala series respectively. The soil samples were air dried, ground and screened through a 2.0 mm sieve. The soils were uniformly moistened with distilled water to bring the moisture content of the soil to 20 percent. 8.5 pounds of the moist soil were placed in two installments in wooden boxes (5"x 5" x 9") fitted with polyethylene paper. In the first installment about half of the soil mass were placed in the box and then the capsulated fertilizers (2.0 grams and 6 grams in each capsule) were placed above it. Then these were sealed for keeping the moisture loss as negligible as possible. The treatments were carried out in triplicate. At the intervals of 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days from the date of placement, the boxes were opened and the capsules were carefully removed from the soil and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the capsules were determined in the following way: Nitrogen: Nitrogen remained in the capsule was determined by distillation method asoutlined by Piper (1951). Phosphorus: Phosphorus was determined colorimetrically using 1, 2,4 -Aminonapthol-sulphonic acid and sulphomolbdic acid method of Shermen (1942) as outlined by Jackson (1958). Potassium: Potassium in the capsule was determined directly by using Unicam SP 900 Flame Photometer.

Source of Information: Pak.J. Soil Sci. 4(2): 30-38. 1968

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study indicated that the rate of release could be controlled by encapsulation of Ammonium sulphate, superphosphate and muriate of Potash fertilizers.

Knowledge Management: Journal