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Integrated Application of Insecticide and Fungicide to Control Okyvcmv and Pseudocercospora Leaf Spot of Okra Seed Crops

M. G. Kibria
Plant Pathology Section, HRC, BARI

I. H. Mian
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of integrated application of pesticides to control Okra yellow vein clearing mosaic virus (OkYVCMV) and Pseudocercospora leaf spot caused by Pseudocercospora abelmoschi (PLS) of okra seed crop, and to increase yield and quality of okra seeds. All pesticidal treatments gave considerable reduction over control in incidence of OkYVCMV, severity of PLS, and population of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The reduction over control was 55.95, 43.33, 35.35 and 21.02% in OkYVCMV incidence and 89.18, 72.45, 62.36 and 31.52% in PLS due to treatments T₁= pre-sowing seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS (Imidacloprid) at 5 g/kg seed + soil treatment with Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) at 30 kg/ha)+ 4 foliar sprays with Admire (Imidacloprid) at 1 ml/L+ 4 foliar sprays with Emivit 50 WP at 3 g/liter, T₂=seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS+ 4 foliar sprays with Admire + 4 foliar sprays with Emivit 50 WP, T₃=seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS+ 4 foliar sprays with Emivit 50 WP, and T₄=seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS, respectively. Reduction in population of whitefly due to the pesticidal treatments were 69.06, 58.39 and 17.78% at 30 days after sowing, and 73.90, 65.76 and 40.29% at 60 days after sowing. The treatments improved plant growth, pod and seed yield and seed quality considerably. The seed yield was increased by 133.22, 80.54, 64.91 and 23.05% over control due to the treatments. The best treatment was T₁to control both diseases and to improve yield and quality of seeds.

Keywords: Okra, OkYVCMV, Pseudocercospora leaf spot

Location: Plant Pathology Section, HRC, BARI

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Okra

Objectives:

Present piece of research was conducted to test the efficacy of integrated application of insecticide and fungicide to control OkYVCMV and Psuedocercospora leaf spot of okra.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of three insecticides and a fungicide applied in an integrated approach to control Okra Yellow Vein Clearing Mosaic Virus (OkYVCMV) and Psuedocercospora leaf spot (Pseudocercospora abelmoschi) of okra. Three insecticides namely Gaucho 72 WS (Imidacloprid), Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) and Admire (Imidacloprid) were applied to control OkYVCMV through vector control, and the fungicide Emivit 50 WP was used to control Psuedocercospora leaf spot. Individual components of treatments in the present experiment were: C₁ = Pre-sowing insecticidal seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS (Imidacloprid) @ 5 g/kg seed, C₂ = Pre-sowing soil treatment with Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) @ 30 kg/ha), C₃ = Four foliar sprays with Admire (Imidacloprid) @ 1 ml/L, and C₄ = Four foliar sprays with Emivit 50 WP @ 3 g/liter. Spraying of Admire was started from 15 DAS and continued for 4 times at 15 days interval. Furadan 5G was applied in the furrows at sowing. Seeds were treated with the insecticide just before sowing. Spray of fungicide was started when symptoms of PLS appeared and continued for 4 times with 7 days interval. The integrated treatments, T₁= C₁+ C₂+ C₃+ C₄, T₂= was C₁+C₃+ C₄, T₃= C₁+ C₄ and T₄= C₁. An additional treatment T₅ was maintained which received neither insecticide nor fungicide and served as control. The experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agrilcultural Univeristy (BSMRAU), Gazipur during 2009. The experiment was laid out following randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.5 m × 1.2 m. Drains of 50 cm width and 30 cm depth were dug around each unit plot for maintaining isolation distance as well as facilitating irrigation and drainage of excess water. The experimental field was prepared properly for good tilth following standard practices. Fertilizers were applied @ 50-24-30-10-1-0.5 kg of N-P-K-S-Zn-B per hectare, respectively (Anon. 2005). Manure was applied as cowdung at the rate of 4 t/ha. The entire quantity of cowdung, P, K, S, Zn and B and half of N were applied at the time of final land preparation. Remaining N was applied around the base of the plant as top dressing and incorporated with soil at 3rd and 5th week after sowing. A previously selected susceptible okra genotype was used in the experiment. Seeds of the genotype were soaked in tap water for 12 hours, air dried and treated with Gaucho 72 WS. Treated seeds were sown in the field maintaining plant to plant and row to row distances of 60 and 50 cm, respectively. After 6 to 7 days of germination, the seedlings were thinned to have one plant per hill. If any seedling died within three weeks of germination it was replaced by seedling of same age raised in polyethylene bags (9 x 15 cm). Irrigation was applied after each top dressing of urea and whenever necessary. Every time, irrigation was followed by mulching and weeding. Other necessary intercultural operations were done throughout the cropping season for proper growth and fruit production. Data on incidence of OkYVCMV was recorded on 60 days after sowing (DAS). Number of diseased and healthy plants in each unit plot was counted. Incidence of OkYVCMV was expressed in percentage based on total number of plants checked.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol. 29 (1&2):33-38, 2013; ISSN 2012-9279

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present study revealed that presowing insecticidal seed treatment with Gaucho 72 WS (Imidacloprid) @ 5 g/kg seed, insecticidal soil treatment with Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) @ 30 kg/ha) at sowing, 4 foliar insecticidal spray with Admire (Imidacloprid) @ 1 ml/L and 4 foliar fungicidal spray with Emivit 50 WP @ 3 g/liter applied to okra seed crop in integrated approaches gave significant decrease in incidence of OkYVCMV, PLS, and population of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) over control.

Knowledge Management: Journal