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Development of Eco-friendly Management Package Against Foot & Root Rot and Wilt Diseases of Chickpea

Md. Iqbal Faruk
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The formulated T. harzianum bio-fungicide and organic soil amendment poultry refuse either singly or in combination with seed treating chemical fungicide Provax were tested against soil-borne pathogens, Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium oxysporum of chickpea causing foot & root rot and wilts diseases. From this study it was revealed that soil amendment with Tricho-compost or integration of poultry refuse with seed treatment by Provax performed as the best treatments in reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth and yield of lentil which was significantly differed from the other treatments including control. Seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax showed better performance against the disease also seed treatments with Trichoderma spores suspension and soil amendment with poultry refuse which effect at per. Both of them reduced seedling mortality and increased plant growth and yield of chickpea.

Keywords: Eco-friendly management, Wilt, Foot rot, Root rot, Trichoderma, Chickpea

Location: In the field of Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Chickpea

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to find out the effective eco-friendly management package against the Foot & Root Rot and Wilt diseases of chickpea.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the field of Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. There were 7 treatments viz. (i) seed treatment with Provax (ii) seed treatment with Trichoderma spore suspension (iii) soil amendment with Tricho-compost-1 (iv) soil amendment with Tricho-compost-2 (v) soil amendments with poultry refuse (vi) soil amendments with poultry refuse + seed treatment with Provax and (vii) untreated control. The unit plot size was 5 m x 4 m. The experiment was designed as RCB with 3 replications. T. harzianum was multiplied in the mixture of grasspea and wheat bran with mustard oilcake substrates and liquid formulation of T. harzianum was done in PDB medium. Then the formulated Trichoderma was used to mass multiplication in two different cow dung based compost and designated as Tricho-compost-1 and Tricho-compost-2. T. harzianum were cultured in PBD media and spores were harvested from 10 days old cultured. The seeds of chickpea (var. BARI Chhola-5) were treated with the harvested spore suspension of T. harzianum maintaining the approximate spore concentration of 1x10⁸/ml. Poultry refuse was applied three weeks before seed sowing and incorporated in the soil properly for well decomposition. The field soil was inoculated with S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri colonized substrate consisting of khesari bran, wheat bran and mustard oilcake @ 100g/m² of soil and allowed the pathogen establishment in the soil for 7 days before seed sowing. The field soil was again treated with the Tricho-compost @ 3t/ha and kept for 3 days. Seeds were treated with Provax @ 2.5 g/kg seeds at the time of sowing. Data were collected on seedling mortality, plant growth parameters such as shoot height, shoot weight, root length and root weight. The yield of chickpea per unit area was also recorded. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C program. Treatment means computed using Duncun’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Plant Pathology Dision, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the study was showed that all the treatments have significant effect on the growth of chickpea plant compared to control. Soil amendment with Tricho-composts and poultry refuse + seed treatment with Provax gave the higher shoot height, shoot weight, root length and root weight followed by seed treatment with Provax, soil amendment with poultry refuse and seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula over control. All the treatments gave significantly higher seedling emergence over control. Seedling mortality was found significantly differed among the treatments. The highest seedling mortality, 41.67% was recorded from control treatment. Soil amendment with Tricho-compost and integration poultry refuse with seed treatment with Provax as well as seed treatment with Provax reduced significantly seedling mortality of chickpea compared to control which was range from 65.61 to 71.99%. Significantly higher yield of chickpea 1992 kg ha^-1, 1945 kg ha^-1 and 1878 kg ha^-1 was recorded from poultry refuse + Provax, Tricho-compost-2 and Tricho-compost-1 treated plots followed by seed treatment with Provax, soil amendment with poultry refuse and seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula treatments where yield was 1672, 1628 and 1595 kg ha^-1, respectively. The lowest yield was 1328 kg ha^-1 was recorded from control treatment. Yield was higher by 33.33% due to soil amendment with poultry refuse + seed treatment with Provax compared to control followed by application of Tricho-compost-2 and Tricho-compost-1 where yield was 31.72% and 29.28%, respectively higher than control. Seed treatments with Provax gave 20.57% higher yield but it was 18.43% and 16.74% due to application of poultry alone and seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula, respectively. From this study it is observed that soil amendment with Tricho-composts and integration of poultry refuse and seed treatment with Provax are found to be the best treatments for reducing seedling mortality, increasing plant growth and yield of chickpea. Seed treatment with Provax also second to be promising. The results clearly indicated that Tricho-compost having biological control agent T. harzianum provided effective protection measure like integration of poultry refuse with Provax against seedling diseases of chickpea and also enhanced plant growth with higher grain yield of chickpea.

It may be concluded that Tricho-compost and integration of poultry refuse and Provax are the most effective option for reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth as well as for higher yield of chickpea. The other options such as seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax or T. harzianum inocula or soil amendment with poultry refuse alone were also effective for reducing seedling mortality and higher yield of chickpea.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings