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Influence of Source of Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Wheat

MSH Mandal
Scientific Officer
Crop Intensification, CRP-Hill Agriculture, Bandarban, Bangladesh

MH Ali
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

AKMR Amin
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

SM Masum
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

H Mehraj
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy research field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh from November, 2012 to March, 2013 to find out the influence of source of nitrogen on growth and yield of wheat. The experiment consisted four different sources of nitrogen i.e. N_o= control (no nitrogen fertilizer), N₁= urea super granules (1.8 g) @ 60 kg N/ha, N₂= urea super granules (2.7 g) @ 90 kg N/ha and N₃= prilled urea (92 kg N/ha) using completely randomized block design with three replication. Maximum plant height (84.3 cm), tiller number (621.1/m²), plant dry matter (18.0 g/m²), leaf area index (1.2), number of effective tiller (234.4/m²), number of spikelets (18.3/spike), number of grains (53.3/spike), 1000-grain weight (52.2 g), grain yield (4.1 t/ha), straw yield (5.5 t/ha), biological yield (9.6 t/ha), harvest index (42.3%) was found from N₁ (urea super granules 1.8g) while minimum from N₀. Urea super granules (1.8g) @ 60kg N/ha could be used instead of prilled urea to reduce nitrogen fertilizer cost and better production of wheat.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum, Wheat, Urea super granules, Prilled urea.

Location: Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2012

End Date: 00-03-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

An experiment was conducted to compare the influence of prilled urea and urea super granules on the growth and yield of wheat with suitable dose of urea super granules for wheat.

Methodology:

Experimental site and duration: An experiment was conducted at Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during period from November 2012 to March 2013. Treatments of the experiment: Experiment consisted four sources of nitrogen viz. N₀ = No urea (Control), N₁ = Urea super granules (1.8 g/granule) @ 60 kg N/ha, N₂ = Urea super granules (2.7 g/granule) @ 90 kg N/ha and N₃ = Prilled urea @ 92 kg N/ha following Randomized Completely Block Design with three replication. Application of treatments: In control treatment no nitrogen fertilizer was applied. All other fertilizers were applied as per as BARI recommended dose. Whereas in case of two urea super granules treatments urea supergranules were applied in alternate line each 33 cm apart from another at 10 DAS and total eight alternate lines/plot and 8 urea super granules/line. Urea super granules were placed 10 cm below surface using urea super granule placement stick. Nitrogen was approximately @ 60 kg N/ha for urea super granules (1.8 g/granule) and @ 90 kg N/ha for urea super granules (2.7 g/granule). For the fourth treatment BARI recommended prilled urea dose i.e. 200 kg/ha were applied in two split. Two third were applied at the time of field preparation and the rest are applied during first irrigation (17-21 DAS). Plot size, genetic material and seed rate: The size of the individual plot was 3.5 m x 2.5 m with inter plot spacing of 0.50 m and inter block spacing of 1 m. BARI Gom 26 was used as plant materials and seed rate was 120 kg/ha. Fertilization: All fertilizers except nitrogenous fertilizers were applied at the rate of BARI recommended dose as 180 kg/ha TSP, 50 kg/ha MOP, 120 kg/ha Gypsum (BARI, 2011). Fertilizers other than nitrogen were given during final land preparation. Seed sowing: Seeds were sown continuously in 20 cm apart rows opened by specially made iron hand tine. Seed rate was 120 kg/ha. After sowing, seeds were covered with soil and slightly pressed by hands. Data collection: Data were collected on plant height, tiller number, plant dry matter, leaf area index, weed dry matter, effective tiller, spike length, number of spikelet/spike, number of filled grains spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index. Collected weeds were first dried in the sun and then kept in an electrical oven for 72 hours maintaining constant temperature of 80⁰C.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR), ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/IJAAR-V6No1-p89-95.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Source of nitrogen treatments played vital role in wheat growth and yield. Among the source of nitrogen treatments urea super granules (1.8 g) when applied at the rate of 60 kg N/ha produced highest grain yield. Urea super granules (1.8g) @ 60kg N/ha could be used instead of prilled urea to reduce nitrogen fertilizer cost and better production of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal