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A Study on the Status of Jhum and Jhumia Farmers in Chittagong Hill Tract Region of Bangladesh

M H R Mukul
Scientific Officer
Adaptive Research Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701

M A Siddique
Senior Scientific Officer
Agril. Econ. Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701

R Barua
Scientific Officer
Adaptive Research Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701

Shamsunnaher
Scientific Officer
Adaptive Research Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701

A Khatun
Senior Scientific Officer
Rice Farming System Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A socio-economic study was conducted with the Jhumia farmers during May-July, 2007 were interviewed. A total of 60 Jhumia farmers were taking 5 from each of 12 upazila under three hill districts (Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati). The result showed that maximum education level of the Jhumia farmers was primary level and they constitute 40% followed by illiterate 21%. Thirty percent of them possessed land <1 acre followed by 24% of holding <1 acre and 20% are landless. The most dominant cropping pattern i.e., Jhum-Fallow-Fallow was practiced by 57% farmers followed by B.Aus-Fallow-Fallow (24%). About 90% of the Jhumia farmers use the Jhum land for one year and 10% use for two years. About 52% of J. farmers keep the Jhum land fallow for 2-3 years followed by 17% for 3-4 years. Time of slashing and burning work done by 50% in Feb-March and 50% in March-April. Most of the farmers (88%) sow the seeds by dibbling method and 12% by dibbling method following line sowing. About 95% farmers showed interest for HYV rice if seeds are available and 5% has opposed to cultivate HYV. About 40% farmers apply urea in the Jhum land at 500g/decimal followed by 200- 300g/decimal (24%) and no apply urea (10%) and 71% farmers use pesticide in the insect infested field and 29% do not spray any pesticide in their Jhum land. The Jhumia farmers used to cultivate locally adopted rice varieties. Generally, they cultivate HYV rice like BR24, BR26 and BRRI dhan27 in the Jhum system. They like locally adopted rice varieties for its some special characters like aroma stickiness, long and slender grain, though its yield low. The local rice varieties like Boro dhan, Chakma Chikan, Hamarang, Prue, Company, Gallong, Cockrok and Chilli are being cultivated in the Jhum system. They also cultivate mixed crops with rice to meet up the necessity of pulse, vegetables and fruits etc. The mixed crops are marfa, Chinar, Cowpea, banana, maize, cucumber, bitter gourd, sweet gourd, sesame, piper, brinjal, taro, okra and kaon.

Keywords: Jhum, Jhumia farmers, Status of the farmers, Cropping pattern, Seed sowing/cultivation methods, HYV & local rice varieties

Location: Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati

Start Date: 00-03-2007

End Date: 00-07-2007

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Analysis and interpretations

Objectives:

The main objectives are

To find out the present socieo-economic status of the Jhumia farmers.
To identify problems in relation to Jhum cultivation and
Finally to find out the solution of the problems which is prevailing in Jhum cultivation

Methodology:

An interview schedule developed for a socio-economic study of the Jhumia farmers. The data were collected during March- July, 2007 from the Jhumia farmers of their traditional primitive type of agriculture popularly known as Jhum. The three hill districts such as Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati were taken under this programme. The total number of Upazila were 12 under the three hill districts and five number of Jhumia farmers from each Upazila were taken face to face interview. A total of sixty Jhumia farmers were selected in the process of data collection. Finally, data were processed, compiled, analyzed and presented in percentages.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 4 (02):550-555, 2011 (February)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://efaj-international.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/5-Eco-friendly-Agril.-J.-4-02550-5551.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There are some prospects in relation to develop the socieo-economic status of the jhumia farmers by increasing more yield/ production in the jhum system. High yield/production may be possible by adopting or replacing the HYV over the local varieties. Yield may be maximized by providing good quality HYV seeds, modern cultivation techniques, facilitate agril. loan, training, ensure fertilizers in proper time etc.

Knowledge Management: Journal