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Studies of the Heterosis in Capsicum

M. Saifullah

L. Akter

G. M. A. Halim

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur during the winter of 2014-2015. The average fruit weight ranged from 55.88 to 116.60g and the heaviest fruit was yielded by P1×P4 (116.60 followed by P3×P4 (111.31g) and P1×P2 (110.30g). Number of fruits per plant revealed that highest number of fruit per plant was found from P4×P5 (9.31) and lowest from P2×P4 (4.54). The highest fruit yield was recorded in the cross P1×P2 (1009.24 g) followed by P1×P4 (967.78g) and P3×P4 (965.05g). Among the cross combination, the crosses P1xP2 (32.29 t/ha), P1×P4 (30.96 t/ha), P3xP4 (30.08 t/ha) and P4×P5 (30.78 t/ha) showed high fruit yielder and also significant positive better parent heterosis in respect of yield.

Keywords: Heterosis, Capsicum, Yield, Quality

Location: Research farm of the Olericulture Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2014

End Date: 00-03-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

To develop hybrid variety(ies) with desirable traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the research farm of the Olericulture Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur during November, 2014 to March, 2015. Five parents with 10 hybrids were included in the study. Seedlings were transplanted on the bed on 20 November, 2014. The parent were P₁=ISPN9-2, P₂= ISPN9-5, P₃=Yellow wonder, P₄= Yellow star and P₅= California wonder. Ten days after sowing when the seedlings attained 2-3 leaf stage, then they were transferred to the polybag each 12.75 x10.15 cm size and filled with potting media comprising soil. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.0x1.0m and the plants were placed at 50x40cm thus, there were twenty plants in a unit plot. cowdung, urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and ZnO at the rate of 10 ton, 220 kg, 330 kg, 200 kg, 111 kg and 5 kg per hectare, respectively were applied (Anon, 2005). Half of the quantity of cowdung was applied during final land preparation. The remaining half of cowdung, the entire quantity of TSP, ZnO, gypsum and one third each of urea and MoP were applied during pit preparation. Other cultural operations such as irrigating the crop at different growth stages, weeding, mulching of the pit soil etc. were done as and when needed. The recorded data for different characters were analyzed statistically (Gomez and Gomez, 1983).

Source of Information: BARI HRC (Olericulture) Annual Research Report 2014-2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Maximum fruit yield per plant was found in P1×P2 (1009.24g) followed by the cross P1×P4(967.78g), P3×P4(965.05g), P4×P5(962.02g). Minimum fruit yield per plant was recorded from P2×P5 (471.56g). Highest fruit yield per hectare was found from the crosses P1×P2 (32.29 ton) and lowest yield was found from parent 2 (15.48 ton). Heterosis studies revealed that some of the cross combinations showed significant positive heterosis over its better parents. In days to 50% flowering, some of the hybrids showed significant negative heterosis indicated earliness which is desirable for selecting the combination. Number of fruits per plant showed significant positive heterosis over better parents, combinations are P1×P2 (20.15%), P1×P4 (18.76%), P3×P4 (18.76%, and P3×P4 (16.57%). Individual fruit weight revealed that highest significant better parent heterosis is P1×P4 (15.86%). The highest better parent heterosis of fruit yield per hectare showed in P1×P2 (71.55) followed by P3×P4 (68.04), P1×P4 (63.98) and P4×P5 (20.42).

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings