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Estimation of Wheat Yield Gap and Return Under Different Crop Management Practices at Some Selected Areas of Chuadanga District in Bangladesh

Quayum, M.A.
Principal Scientific Officer
BRRI, Joydebpur , Gazipur

M. A. Salam
Principal Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to estimate the yield gap in wheat between demonstration plots and farmers ' plots and compare between potential farm yield and actual farm yield as well as to determine the factors responsible for wheat yield gaps at the selected villages namely Khajura, Sangkarchandra, Hatikataand Belapara under Chuadanga sadar upazila of Chuadanga district. During the season of wheat cultivation in the year of 2011-12, a total 102 demonstration plots managed by Department of Agriculture Extension and 102 farmers' plots managed were chosen from four villages of Chuadanga sadar upazila. Data were collected in two phases through structured questionnaire. The yields of wheat were 2.40 tha-^I and 2.88 tha-^I in the farmers' I plots and demonstrations' plots indicating 20% higher yield in the demonstration's plots. The results indicated that there is a potentiality of increasing the yield of wheat in the study area. The production cost per hectare both on full cost and cash cost basis respectively were about 0.4% and 4.3% lower in the farmers' plot than that in the demonstration's plot. But the production cost per Kg yield both on full cost and cash cost basis respectively were} 6% and} 3% lower in the demonstration's plots than that in the farmers' plots. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) were found higher 2} % and } 7%on full cost and cash cost basis respectively in the demonstration's plots compared to farmers' plots. Partial budgeting analysis also indicated that there is a return gap of Tk.1l951/ha between demonstration's plots and farmers' plots. Keeping other technical factors constant, the yield can be increased by o.} 0 tha-^I by adopting recommended fertilizerrate in wheat cultivation. The next important factor l\'CIS the sowing time and seed rare, which showed direct relationship with the yield of HYV wheat.

Keywords: Estimation, Wheat yield gap, Return , Crop management,

Location: Chuadanga

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1.To study socio-economic profile of the respondents to estimate wheat yield gap and return under varied crop management practices between demonstration and farmers plots

2.To determine the contribution of factors responsible for yield gaps and to derive policy guidelines.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Chuadanga district during the period of 2011-2012. The farm level information was generated by personally interviewing 204 farmers from 4 different villages namely Khajura, Sangkarchandra, Hatikata and Belapara under Chuadanga sadar upazila of Chuadanga district. Data were collected in two phases: crop cut data was collected before harvesting the wheat and the other information was generated during the growing period through a pre-designed questionnaire. Data collection was supervised by the rice-wheat scientist frequently. After collecting data it was checked and edited properly. The Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) had conducted demonstrations on different farms of different farmers under Chuadanga Sadar. During the crop season. 102 demonstrations' plots and 102 farmers' plots were randomly selected from those villages under Chuadanga district. The demonstrations' plots mean the plots owned and managed by farmers, inputs are used according to the recommended rate as suggested by DAE personnel and supervised by them and the plots are demonstrated for other farmer ers while farmers' plots are owned, managed, inputs applied by farmers. Participating farmers are those who have provided land for demonstration while non-participating farmers are those who did not provide their land for demonstration Data on yield, seed rate, fertilizer, human labor for different operations, animal pair days, price of different inputs etc. were collected from the farmers of the sample plots. All the collected data were coded, computed and tabulated and then analyzed. Both tabular and inferential statistics were used for analyzing the data. Partial budgeting analysis was done to determine the contribution of technical factors responsible for yield gap of wheat cultivation between demonstrations' plots and farmers' plots. The differentials between the yield of demonstrations' plots and farmers' plots have been estimated as they provide the measures of yield gap due to technological and other factors. The analysis has been extended further to estimate the contribution of individual technical factors to the yield and the output input relations on the following lines

Source of Information: The Journal of Rural Development Vol. 38, No.2, July 2013, pp. 93-113 BARD, Camilla, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The human labour. animal labour, power tiller and fertilizer use gap between demonstrations' plots and farmers' plots were positive. It means that those inputs used by the farmers in the demonstrations' plots were higher than in farmers' plots. As a result, yield of wheat in demonstrations' plots was higher than the yield in farmers' plots. The economic analysis indicated that the gross return and benefit cost ratio were higher in the demonstrations' plots than those of farmers' plots. Partial budgeting analysis indicated that there is a return gap between demonstrations' plots and farmers' plots in case of wheat cultivation due to varying rates of input use and poor management practices as well as different biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the varieties grown in this season, Agrani is the most popular variety and the farmers' choice was due to taste and higher grain yield. There exists a wide yield gap between demonstrations' and farmers' plots. The yield can be increased by adopting recommended technology and improved management practices. The yield gap is the contribution of many factors, among which the recommended variety, use of fertilizers, timely sowing/planting, seed rate and irrigation are the most important factors. It was also observed that the high monetary returns were directly associated with the above technical factors.

Knowledge Management: Journal