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Climate Change Adaptation of Wheat Genotypes for Tolerance to Terminal Heat Stress and Bipolaris Leaf Blight

R Islam
WRC, BARI, RARS, Jessore

PK Malaker
WRC, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur

MA Khaleque
WRC, BARI, RARS, Jessore

M Abdullah al Mamun
DAE, Mongla, Bagherhat

MS Rahman
CSISA Khulna Hub

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Climate of the world have been changed markedly and the effects are evident from the last few decades. In wheat terminal heat appearance and occurrence of Bipolaris leaf blight are considered to be the results of climate change. Therefore, we investigated adoption of the wheat genotypes under terminal heat stress and disease occurrence condition. The trial comprised of 12 entries of wheat viz., four varieties (Sonalika, Ciano 79 Chirya 7 and Shatabdi) and other 8 advanced lines (BAW 1135, BAW 1143, BAW 1161, BpLBSN 97, BpLBSN 103, BAW 1151, BAW 1163 and BAW 1168) . The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore. The experiment was laid out in split- split plot design with 2 replications and were done in ITS and ILS condition. Sets in each date were two (one protected with fungicide i.e. Folicure and other was non protected). The seeds were sown in 2 m long and 6 rows plot with row spacing of 20 cm on 30.11.2013 of ITS and 21.12.13 of ILS conditions. There was significant variation in AUDPC for spraying foliar fungicides. The canopy temperature at grain filling stage was significantly higher at ILS condition than ITS condition. The highest 1000 grain weight (59 g) was found in the line BpLBSN 97 in sprayed plot at ITS condition and the lowest 1000 grain weight (21 g) was found in Ciano 79 in non sprayed plot at ILS condition. The highest grain yield (7018 kg ha^-1) was found in the advanced line BAW 1163 in protected plot at ITS condition which produced the grain (5709 kg ha^-1) at non sprayed plot. The lowest (2390 kg ha^-1) grain yield produced by the BpLBSN 103 in non spayed plot at ILS condition.

Keywords: Climate change, Wheat genotype, ITS, ILS, Terminal heat

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To investigate adoption of the wheat genotypes under terminal heat stress and disease occurrence condition.

Methodology:

The trial comprised of 12 entries of wheat viz., four varieties (Sonalika, Ciano 79, Chirya 7 and Shatabdi) and other 8 advanced lines (BAW 1135, BAW 1143, BAW 1161, BpLBSN 97, BpLBSN 103, BAW 1151, BAW 1163 and BAW 1168). The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore. The experiment was laid out in split- split plot design with 2 replications and were done in ITS and ILS condition. Sets in each date were two (one protected with fungicide i.e. Folicure and other was non protected). The seeds were sown in 2 m long and 6 rows plot with row spacing of 20 cm on 30 November, 2013 of ITS and 21 December, 2013 of ILS conditions. The disease was controlled by spraying Folicure @ 1 ml/ litre from 35 days of sowing and was sprayed 4 times at 15 days internal starting from 03.01.2014 in ITS and 02.02.2014 in ILS condition. The recommended cultural practices were followed to raise the crop. Before harvesting data were recorded on days to maturity, Bipolaris leaf blight (BpLB ) severity was recorded after of flowering using double digit scale proposed by CIMMYT. The scores were recorded for three times first at Growth Stage 71, second at Growth Stage 75 and third at Growth Stage 83. These three double digit scales then converted into Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC), spike m^-2 and canopy temperature by using IR gun. Canopy temperature should be taken when plots have passed anthesis and measurement should include the spike, peduncle and leaf. An area of (2 m x 4 rows) 1.6 m^-2 was harvested. After harvesting data were recorded on 1000-grain weight (TGW) and grain yield (g plot^-1). Then the production of harvested area was converted to yield in kg ha^-1. The collected data were analyzed statistically with crop stat software.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 7(11): 137-141, 2014 (November); ISSN 1999-7957

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In general, BpLB severity was higher and yield was lower under late planting compared to planting in optimum time. Application of fungicides significantly reduced disease severity that resulted higher yield compare to unprotected. The canopy temperature at grain filling stage was significantly higher at ILS condition than ITS condition that reduced the grain size which ultimately affect the grain yield in ILS condition. The highest grain yield (7018 kg ha^-1) was found in the advanced line BAW 1163 in protected plot at ITS condition which produced the grain (5709 kg ha^-1) at non sprayed plot. The lowest (2390 kg ha^-1) grain yield produced by the BpLBSN 103 in non spayed plot at ILS condition. The reduction in grain yield due to late planting and BpLB disease varied among different varieties/lines.

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