Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Investigation of Health Condition of Some Snakeheads from Mymensingh Region

Sabina Yasmin
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Investigation on health status of three snakeheads Channa striatus, Channa marulius and Channa punctatus were carried out though clinical and histopathological observation from BAU fish pond and Brahmaputra river for a period of six months starting from December, 2011 to May, 2012. Water quality parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia were monitored every month. Water temperature and ammonia were at unfavourable levels but dissolved oxygen and pH were within the favourable range for fish during the months of December and January. Clinical examinaitons of the fishes were also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Clinically, it was observed that fishes were affected with rough skin, scale loss, discolouration and deep whitish ulcers. Major pathology in the skin and muscle were loss of epidermis and dermis, presence of fungal granuloma, necrosis, hemorrhges and vacuums. Loss of primary and secondary gill lamellae, clubbing, hemorrhage, necrosis, hypertrophy and parasitic cysts were found in the gill. Nccrosis, hemorrhage, pyknosis and vacuums were observed in liver. Common pathological signs like necrosis, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, pyknosis and vacuums were noticed in kidney. Among the affected fish organs, skin, muscle and gill were found to be more affected than those of the internal organs like liver and kindey. Overall, in the clinical and histopathological studies the fishes were found to be more affected during the colder months i.e. December and January. Whereas, in the months of February and March, the pathological condition of the fishes gradually healed up. But in the months of April and May the fishes were almost normal both the places. In pathological observation, fish of BAU fish pond were more affected than the fish of Brahmaputra river. Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) and protozoan diseases were noticed in BAU fish pond.

Keywords: HEALTH CONDITION, SNAKEHEADS, MYMENSINGH REGION

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus.

Start Date: 00-12-2011

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To evaluate the health status of shol (Channa striatus), gazar (Channa marulius) and taki (Channa punctatus) through clinical and histological tools.
To dignose diseases based on above tools.

Methodology:

Study area: The present investigation was conducted for a period of six months from December 2011 to May 2012. Shol (Channa striatus), gozar (C. marulius), taki (C. punctatus) were collected from a Bangladesh Agricultural University fish pond situated in the BAU Campus Mymensingh and Brahmaputra river. BAU fish pond: The pond was rectangular size and situated at the north side of Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh. The depth of the pond was 100cm, area 33 dec and colour of water was light greenish. Brahmaputra River: The old Brahmaputra river has passed to the Northen side of BAU campus. The fishes were actually collected from KR market situated in BAU campus through a selected fisherman. The fisherman harvested the fishes from Brahmaputra river and sold at KR market Determination of water quality parameters: During each sampling, water quality parameters such as water temperature (°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (mgl¯¹), and ammonia (mgl¯¹) were measured monthly from BAU fish pond and Brahmaputra river. Water temperature was measured by using a Celsius thermometer. Dissolved oxygen, ammonia and pH were measured directly by using a digital oxygen meter (Model 58, USA) and pH meter. Collection of fish sample: At least 5 fishes of each species were collected from each places at monthly intervals; sampled fishes were brought to the Disease laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture BAU Mymensingh for further examination. Clinical observation: The sampled fishes were examined to observe external signs, lesion, any injury and other abnormal conditions of fish body. Collection of sample from fish for histopathology: Immediately after collection the selected fishes were anaesthetized by giving strong blow over the head, samples from various organs such as skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected by sharp scalpel and forceps. Skin and muscle were collected from the place between anterior part of dorsal fin and lateral line and by removing operculum, gill samples were collected. For liver and kidney, fishes were dissected and then portion of liver and kidney were collected. Fixation and preservation of fish sample: All collected samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin in separate vials. The amount of fixative was at least 10 times to bulk of the tissue fixed. Histopathological procedure: The fixed samples were taken out with a forceps from the vials, trimmed according to sizes and placed separately in perforated plastic holders covered by perforated steel plates. Marking was done with dark pencil (2B) in perforated plastic holders. The samples were then arranged in a steel rack and placed in an automatic tissue processor (Shandon, Citadel 1000) for dehydration, clearing and infiltration. Alcoholic series of higher concentrations, xylene and paraffin wax were used in the processor maintaining various time schedules. After tissue processing (21 h), the samples were embedded with melted was in perforated plastic holder and steel mold. Proper care was taken for the orientation of the samples in the steel mold during the embedding period. The paraffin blocks were then placed on a table to be solidified. The solid blocks were placed in a refrigerator (deep freeze) for half an hour and paraffin blocks were separated from the steel molds. Surface and side of paraffin blocks were trimmed with the help of scalpel and microtome machine (Leica JUNG RM 2035). Blocks having hard tissue before sectioning were decalcified by dissolving the surface of blocks in water for one hour and then washed rapidly. The blocks were then placed in deep freeze for 30 minutes. Sections were cut from the blocks at a thickness of 5 μm by using the microtome machine. The ribbon of sections was placed on a water bath (Electro thermal, MOUNTING BATH) at a temperature of 40°C. Fine sections were selected and separated from the ribbon with the help of needle, which were finally picked up over glass slides. The glass slides were then marked by a diamond marker and kept over hot plate (photox-dish warmer 2) at 42°C for 8 hours to fix the sections properly with the slides. The sections were then stained with haematoxylin and eosin stains proceeding through various chemicals of different concentrations and time schedule. After staining, the sections were mounted with Canada balsam and covered by cover slips. The prepared sections were left over a clean platform to hold the cover slips permanently and then examined under a compound microscope (Olympus). Photomicrograph of the stained sections was done by using a photomicroscope (OLYMPUS, Model CHS, Japan). The observed clinical and pathological sings were compared specieswice, monthwise and collection sitewise.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 11 Fish Aqua JD 13 M, Registration No. 33773 Session: 2011-2012, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present experiment it was observed that, the fishes in BAU fish pond were more affected than the fishes in Brahmaputra river. This is may be due to poor management practices i.e. high stocking density, poor quality of fingerling, low quality in feed management and less attention on the health condition of the mentioned ponds. Thus, it is important to develop proper preventive and control measure in order to overcome the disease problems. Therefore, steps should be taken to protect this species and further works are needed in this direction for the improvement of this potential sector.

Knowledge Management: Thesis