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Growth and Yield Performance of Stinging Catfish (heteropneustes Fossilis) with Carps in Farmers' Homestead Ponds

SUSMITA BINTEY RAFIQUE
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A culture experiment was conducted to see the growth and yield performance of stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis), rui (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in homestead ponds for polyculture in respect to the growth, survival and production in different women farmers ponds under semi intensive rearing system for a period 110 days. The experiment was conducted in three ponds from March to June at Gouripur upazila under Mymenshingh district. The sizes of ponds were 20 decimal with an average depth of 1.10±0.12 m. Three different stocking densities (same carp density with the variation of shing only) were tested, namely treatments T₁; 128 fish decimal^-1 (28 carp species and 100 stinging catfish), T₂; 228 fish decimal^-1 (28 carp species and 200 stinging catfish), T₃; 328 fish decimal^-1 (28 carp species and 300 stinging catfish). Saudi Bangla and Megha feed were used in all treatments. Feeds were supplied at the rate of 10% for the 1st weak, 8% for the 2nd weak, 6-7 % for the 3rd weak and 5-6 % after 1 month. Feeding was done twice daily in the morning and evening commencing from the first day of stocking. The initial weight of silver carp, catla, rui, grass carp, shing were 3.88g, 4.20g, 3.14g, 3.60g and 1.20g, respectively. The average highest final weight gain of shing (35.56g) was observed in T₁ and then followed by T₂(22.23g) and T₃ (17.11g). The highest growths of other species viz. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (341.25g), Catla catla (319.99g), Labeo rohita (247.14g), Ctenopharyngodon idella (361.96g), Heteropneustes fossilis (35.56g) were observed in T₁. Fish production in treatment T₁, T₂, and T₃ were 6.47 kg/ decimal/110 days, 5.94 kg/ decimal /110 days and 5.47 kg/ decimal /110 days, respectively. Best survival rate of shing (99.75 %) was found in T₁. The highest survival rates of other species were also found in the T₁ which would be the best recommendation for farmers. The results indicated increased production with the decreased in stocking density and proper water quality. Thus, polyculture of carps with shing is suggested to use in homestead pond of Bangladesh.

Keywords: GROWTH, YIELD PERFORMANCE, STINGING CATFISH, CARPS, HOMESTEAD PONDS

Location: Gouripur upazila, Mymenshingh district.

Start Date: 00-03-2012

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To evaluate the growth and survival rate of shing and carps at different stocking density in polyculture system.
To evaluate the combination in the fish production in polyculture system.

Methodology:

Study area and Experimental design: The research was carried out at the three private ponds rearing in Gouripur Upazila of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted for a period of 110 days for carps and shingi from March to June, 2012 in ponds. There were three ponds which were rectangular in size with an area of 20 decimal and an average depth of 1.10±0.12 m. The growth performance of H. fossilis and different carp species was evaluated under three treatments. Pond preparation and fertilization: After completion of pond selection, the entire ponds were properly prepared before stocking with fingerlings by the following ways. i) Broken dikes and holes are repaired. ii) All kinds of aquatic vegetation (floating, emergent, submerged and spreading) were removed manually and the branches of all trees on the ponds were trimmed off. iii) The predatory and undesirable fishes were eradicated by netting repeatedly and cleaned by poisoning with rotenone at the rate 5 ppm. iv) Liming was done immediately at the rate of 1.5 kg/decimal. Before applying lime it was mixed with water carefully and kept exposed for a while to avoid heat generation and finally spread over the surface of the mud in a soluble form. v) Three days after liming, all ponds were manure with cow dung at the rate of 10 kg/ decimal. After 5 days, chemical fertilizer urea and TSP were used in all of these ponds at the rate of 1 kg/ decimal, respectively. Liming: Liming of a fish pond is highly recommended because of its following advantages: Lime neutralizes soil acidity and creates a buffer system to prevent marked diurnal fluctuations of the water from acidic to alkaline conditions. Destroys fish pathogens and their intermediate life stages; Converts unsuitable acidic condition of water to suitable alkaline condition; Neutralizes iron compounds which are undesirable in fish ponds; Promotes mineralization of soil which is desirable in fish ponds; Settle excess dissolved organic matters and thereby reduces incidences of oxygen depletion; Acts as disinfectant and improves hygienic condition of pond. Stocking of fingerlings: Fingerlings were stocked 7 days after application of fertilizer when light plankton bloom was appeared. Different types of carps and shing at different densities were stocked in different treatments. Supplementary feeding: Saudi Bangla and Megha feed were used in all treatments. Feeds were supplied at the rate of 10% for the 1st week, 8% for the 2nd week, (6-7%) for the 3rd week and (5-6%) after 1 month. Feeding is done twice daily in the morning and evening commencing from the first day of stocking. Daily ration was adjusted by estimating the standing crop once every fortnight by random sampling of the stock. Some shing and some species of carps were sampled by using a seine and cast net. Water quality parameters: Physico-chemical parameters of pond water were monitored fortnightly between 09 and 10 hr. Water temperature was recorded using a celsius thermometer and transparency (cm) was measured by using a secchi disc of 20 cm diameter. Dissolved oxygen and pH were measured directly using a digital electronic oxygen meter (YSI, Model 58, USA) and an electronic pH meter (Jenway, Model 3020, UK). Total alkalinity was determined by titrimetric method. Water recycling: Deep tube-well was used for adding water in the pond (8000 L day-¹). This method mitigated pollution from excretory product of individuals and maintained water quality suitable for the experimental fish and primary productivity. Estimation of growth, survival, production and feed utilization: Fishes were sampled by using seine and cast net. The weight (g) of individual fish was recorded separately with the help of a portable sensitive balance. Weight of each species was measured separately to assess the health condition of fish and their growth. Some individuals of both H. fossilis and carp species from each pond were sampled fortnightly until they attained marketable size (shing 35g, silver carp 345g, catla 324g, rui 250g and grass carp 365g). Growths in terms of weight, specific growth rate (SGR) and percentage survival for each parameter were computed. Shing and carps were harvested after 110 days, respectively by repeated netting, followed by draining or drying the ponds. The number of individuals were counted and weighed. Survival percentage and production (individuals. dec-¹) of fingerlings were then calculated and compared among the treatments. Weight gain, Percent weight gain, Survival and Production will be calculated. Analysis of experimental data: Simple statistical analysis was done to observe the growth and production performance of fishes in different species combination by zar 2000.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 12 Fish Aqua JJ-03M, Registration No.: 34755 Session: 2007-08, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Highest total production of fishes 6.47 kg/ decimal/110 days was recorded in T₁. In T₂ and T₃the production was 5.94 kg/ decimal/110 days and 5.47 kg/ decimal/110 days, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Thesis