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Effects of Stocking Density on Growth and Production of Monosex Male Tilapia (oreochromis Niloticus) in Ponds

ABDUL ALIM
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To assess the effects of stocking density on growth and production of monosex male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in ponds, an experiment was carried out during the period of two months from 14 March to 18 May 2013. Three stocking densities used were 50, 100 and 150 fish /decimal and designated as T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively. Each treatment has three replications. Monosex male tilapia having a mean body weight of 0.117g was used in T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively. A commercial feed fed at the rate of 30% body weight up to first 7 days and then gradually it was readjusted to 25%, 20%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12% and 10%, respectively. The water quality parameters were monitored at 7 days interval and the ranges were: temperature 26.53 to 30.13°C, pH 6.68 to 8.71, dissolved oxygen 4.8 to 5.83mg/l and transparency 32.2 to 44.8 cm. At the end of the trial, the growth performance was evaluated by comparing mean final body weight and specific growth rate (SGR). The result of the present study showed that, the fish in T₁ stocked at the rate of 50 fish/decimal resulted the best individual weight gain (35.97g) followed by T₂(34.27g) and T₃ (32.13g), respectively. The SGR ranged between 8.77 and 8.95%. There was no significant variation (P<0.01) among the survival rate (%) which ranged from 74.56 to 78%. The production was 1.40, 2.58 and 3.59kg/decimal in T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively. But the highest production of 3.59kg/decimal was obtained in T₃ with stocking of 150 fish /decimal due to higher stocking density. Although the highest production was obtained in T3 but individually growth performance of monosex male tilapia was higher in T₁. Based on the result of present experiment, farmers could be suggested to rear tilapia (O. niloticus) at lower stocking density (50 fish/dec) to get higher growth and survival in a short period of time.

Keywords: STOCKING DENSITY, GROWTH, PRODUCTION, MONOSEX MALE TILAPIA

Location: Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 14-03-2013

End Date: 18-05-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Tilapia

Objectives:

To study the effect of stocking density on the growth and production performance of monosex male tilapia in ponds.
To determine the suitable stocking density for culture of monosex male tilapia in ponds.

Methodology:

Study area: The experiment was carried out for a period of two months from 14 March to 18 May 2013 to evaluate the effects of stocking density on growth and production of monosex male Tilapia in nine experimental ponds situated in the Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Description of the ponds: The area of each pond was 2 decimal with an average depth of 1.2 m all ponds were rectangular in shape possessed similar size, basin conformation and bottom type. The ponds completely independent and well exposed to sunlight. The ponds had no inlet and outlet but had facilities to provide water as and when needed from the deep tubewell using a flexible plastic pipe. Water quality was maintained properly through routine exchange of water. Experimental protocol: The experiment was carried out for a period of 2 months from 14 March to 18 May 2013.To evaluate the effects of stocking density on the growth and survival of monosex male tilapia in pond culture system. 1800 fries were stocked in ponds. Pond preparation: The following techniques were used for pond preparation: 1. The ponds embankments were raised and repaired properly in the broken places. 2. Pond dikes were repaired. 3. Aquatic weeds were removed manually. 4. Repeated netting was done for complete removal of unwanted fishes and other species. 5. Liming was done at the rate of 1kg per decimal. 6. After 3 days of liming ponds were filled with underground water from deep tube-well and another pond. 7. Cow dung was used 5 kg per decimal for plankton production. Experimental design: The ponds were selected randomly to accumulate the relevant treatment.Collection of fries: The monosex male tilapia fries (O. niloticus) were collected from the Reliance Hatchery, Shikarikanda, Mymensingh and transported to the farm in oxygen filled polythene bags covered by jute bags. After acclimatization the fries were transferred to culture ponds. During stocking sufficient care was taken in respect to physico-chemical condition. Feeding strategy: At the beginning of the experiment feed was supplied at the rate of 30% of the body weight of reared monosex male tilapia and gradually it was readjusted to 25%, 20%, 115%, 14%, 13%, 12%and 10%, respectively. Actually the above feeding rates were standard feeding rate, but I have tried to maintain feeding to the fry up to satiation. The fry were fed 2 times daily. Sampling was done regularly at an interval of 7 days.Analysis of water quality parameters: Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and transparency were recorded weekly during the study period and data were collected between 9.00 am to 11.00 am of the day. Statistical analysis: The data obtained on the growth performance of fish, survival rate and production were statistically analyzed to see whether the influence of different treatments (stocking densities) on these parameters were significant or not. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Economical analysis: A simple economical analysis was performed to estimate the net profit of rearing of monosex male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The cost of nursery and starter-1 feed was BDT 40/kg and BDT 37.5/kg, respectively.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 12 Fish Aqua JJ-04M, Registration No.: 34762 Session: 2007-2008, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Although the individual weight gain in T₁was highest but total production was highest in T₃(21.54 Kg/decimal/2 months) which might be due to higher number of fishes. Based on the present experimental condition, it can be recommended that the optimum stocking density for monosex male tilapia was 200 fish/pond with respect to growth, as the size of the fish influences the market price.

Knowledge Management: Thesis