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Pollution Scenario and Possible Remedial Measures of the Buriganga River of Bangladesh

Subrata Paul
FMPHT Division, BRRI, Gzipur

M Kamruzzaman
FMPHT Division, BRRI, Gzipur

MIM Akhand
Agronomy Division, BRRI, Gzipur

R Barua
Adaptive Research Division, BRRI, Gzipur

N Parvin
RFS Division, BRRI, Gzipur

S Hosen
CPCAFCTM Project, BRRI component GQN Division, BRRI, Gzipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was undertaken to assess the approaches to restore water quality of the Buriganga river at the department of Environmental Engineering in Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) during 2007. Secondary data and information regarding pollution of the Buriganga river and approaches to restore water quality were gathered from different organizations and publications. Pictures from different locations in the Buriganga river were collected by visiting the river site as well as reports and publications. Different types of approaches to restore water quality were collected with respect to different types of pollution. The river Buriganga receives partially treated sewage effluent, sewage polluted surface runoff and untreated industrial effluent including tannery wastes. Already the minimum dissolved oxygen (DO), the prime indicator of water quality; have been found to less than the desirable level which was observed 0.20 mg/l in 2007. During this year other major water quality parameters such as maximum BOD, COD, pH were observed 60 mg/l, 145 mg/l, 8.53 respectively. Total alkalinity was observed 264 in 2007. Several types of pollution such as physical, chemical, biological pollution and point sources of pollution such as encroachment, solid waste, untreated sewerage, industrial pollution from Hazaribagh tannery and other industries, terminal and landing stations, overloaded Pagla sewage treatment plant are affecting the quality of the Buriganga river. All data and information revealed that the water quality of the Buriganga river is deteriorating with an alarming rate. Current pollution will be minimized if necessary approaches and management programs such as uprooting every kind of pollution making industries, monitoring the shoreline of the river regularly and applying the environmental & social rules and regulations, regular maintenance dredging of the riverbed, river augmentation, improving proper sewage and industrial waste management, reroute the discharge from Dholai khal and city drains to Pagla sewage treatment plant, establishing effluent treatment plant (ETP) for every industry, Pagla sewage treatment plant will need to be expanded to handle extra pollution load.

Keywords: Water pollution, Waste water, Water quality, Buriganga River

Location: Buriganga river

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

To assess the approaches to restore water quality of the Buriganga river

Methodology:

Study team visited different locations of the Buriganga river to observe the pollution scenario and find out the sources of pollution. Pictorial views of pollution scenario were collected from different disposal point, sewage point and industrial area which were adjacent to the Buriganga river to find out the causes and sources of pollution of the Buriganga river water and observe the present pollution scenario of the river. A boat was hired to identify and observed different types of pollution such as physical (encroachment of the bank, shrinking of the river), chemical and biological pollution; sources of pollution such as point and nonpoint sources of pollution; and causes of pollution. Water samples were collected from different locations of the Buriganga river at industrial and sewage disposal points. A total of seven locations were selected in the Buriganga river system for collection of water samples. Locations were Chandnighat (Latitude (N) 23º42.08, Longitude (E) 90º23.48) Shiddirgonj (Latitude (N) 23º41.11, Longitude (E) 90º31.54), Fatullah (Latitude (N) 23º39.80, Longitude (E) 90º28.09), Pagla (Latitude (N) 23º42.24, Longitude (E) 90º27.40), Forashgonj (Latitude (N) 23º42.37, Longitude (E) 90º24.63), Sadarghat (Latitude (N) 23º42.80, Longitude (E) 90º22.32), Hazaribagh (Latitude (N) 23º43.78, Longitude (E) 90º21.80) .Water quality was evaluated with respect to Minimum Dissolved Oxygen (min. DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH and Alkalinity. Relevant and important water pollution information and secondary data were collected from various thesis, publications and reports of different government organizations and agencies.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 6(12): 257-264, 2013 (December); ISSN 1999-7957

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is essential to make provision for protection and improving water quality of the Buriganga river to sustain the ecosystem in this river and overall environment of the Dhaka city. Current pollution will be minimized if necessary approaches are properly causing pollution in the Buriganga river by the contribution of toxic and persistent pollutants, for that an Effluent Treatment plant (ETP) should be established without delay. Uproot every kind of pollution making industry including tannery from both sides of the Buriganga river. Pagla sewage Treatment plant will need to be expanded to handle extra pollution load.

Knowledge Management: Journal