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Water Productivity Evaluation for Rice Based Cropping System in Gazipur District of Bangladesh

P L C Paul
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

N Hasan
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

M A Rashid
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

M Paul
Dept. of Agricultural Extension, Kaliganj Gazipur

S Paul
FMPHT Division BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted during Boro seasons of 2009-2010 and 2010- 2011 at BRRI farm, Gazipur to determine the amount of water requirement and productivity of different cropping systems for silty loam soil. These systems were: P₁ = T. Aman-Boro-Fallow, P₂ = T. Aman-Mustard-Boro and P₃ = T. Aman-Potato- Rice in the season 2009-2010 and P₁ = T. Aman-Boro-Fallow, P₂ = T. Aman- Mustard-Boro, P₃ = T. Aman-Potato-Rice and P₄ = T. Aman-Potato-Maize in the season 2010-2011 with irrigation treatments T₁ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth was 15 cm below the soil surface, T₂ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth was 20 cm below soil surface, T₃ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) after 3 days of disappearing standing water for T. Aman and Boro season. For Rabi crops irrigation treatments were rainfed, one irrigation, two irrigation, three irrigation and four irrigation, respectively. The maximum water productivity was (12.90 kg/ha-mm) in T. Aman- Potato-Rice based cropping system and (12.0 kg/ha-mm) in T. Aman-Potato-Maize crop sequences. The highest year round rice equivalent yield (27,820 kg/ha) and net return (Tk. 3,73,700) was recorded in T. Aman-Potato-Rice crop sequence in season 2009-2010 and the maximum year round rice equivalent yield (24,329 kg/ha) and net return (Tk. 3,55,509) was recorded in T. Aman-Potato-Rice crop sequence in season 2010-2011. From the study, T. Aman-Potato-Rice cropping pattern was found as the best year round cropping plan for the selected area.

Keywords: Cropping system, Water productivity, Rice equivalent yield

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water productivity

Objectives:

The study was undertaken to determine the water productivity and profitability of the systems and to identify the appropriate cropping pattern for maximizing farm income and employment.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at BRRI farm, Gazipur during 2009-10 and 2010-11. Soil texture of the experimental site was found to be silty loam and topography of the land being medium high. The treatments comprised of different levels of irrigation and four rice based crop sequences, laid out in split plot design with crop sequences in the main plot and irrigation in sub plot, with 3 replications. Different rice based crop sequences/cropping system were: P₁ = T. Aman-Boro-Fallow, P₂ = T. Aman-Mustard-Boro, P₃ = T. Aman-Potato-Rice and P₄ = T. Aman-Potato-Maize. Irrigation treatments for all of the crops were as follows: For T. Aman rice T₁ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth is 15 cm below the soil surface, T₂ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth is 20 cm below soil surface, T₃ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) after 3 days of disappearing standing water (control). For Boro rice T₁ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth is 15 cm below soil surface, T₂ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water depth is 20 cm below soil surface, T₃ = Irrigation after 3 days of disappearing standing water (control). For Rabi Crops Mustard T₁ = Rainfed, T₂ = One irrigation (25-30 DAS), T₃ = Two irrigation (25-30 DAS+50–55 DAS), Potato T₁ = Two irrigation (20-25 DAS+40–45 DAS), T₂ = Three irrigation (20-25 DAS+40–45 DAS+60–65 DAS), T₃ = Four irrigation (20-25 DAS+40–45 DAS+60–65 DAS + 75-80 DAS) Maize, T₁ = Two irrigation (15-20 DAS+30–35 DAS), T₂ = Three irrigation (15-20 DAS+30–35 DAS+60–70 DAS), T₃ = Four irrigation (15-20 DAS+30–35 DAS+60–70 DAS + 85-90 DAS). Recommended dose of fertilizers were applied as per the crops. In season 2009-10 T. Aman and Boro rice were transplanted on 27 July 2009 and 21 January 2010 and harvested on 25 October 2009 and 28 April 2010 respectively. Mustard and Potato were sown on 5 November and 20 November 2009 respectively. BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan28 were used in T.Aman and Boro season, respectively. Diamond and BARI Sarisa 8 were used as Potato and Mustard variety, respectively. In season 2010-11 T. Aman and Boro rice were transplanted on 8 July 2010 and 24 January 2011 and harvested on 12 October 2010 and 23 May 2011 respectively. Mustard and Potato were sown on 13 November and 24 November, 2010. BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were used in T. Aman and Boro season, respectively. Diamond, BARI Sarisa 14 and Hybrid Maize were used as Potato, Mustard and Maize variety, respectively. Irrigation water was measured by volumetric method for rice and non rice crops. Rainfall data, measured by rain gauges were used to estimate effective rainfall by using the water userainfall ratio method. In this method, total rainfall for a certain group of days during the growing season is computed. The number of days in a group is based broadly on the soil type. For the study area, a 5-day grouping was used as the soil type for silty clay. The grouping always starts with a rainy day and rainfall for consecutive 5-day periods is added. The potential evapotranspiration and seepage and percolation rates for the same five days are taken together and used to compute effective rainfall using the equation: ERF = [(ET+ S&P)/RF] x 100, Where, ERF is the effective rainfall in percent with a maximum value of 100; RF is the total amount of rainfall; ET is the potential evapotranspiration and S&P is the seepage and percolation losses of water for the 5-day period. Rice equivalent yield (REY) was calculated by the following equation: REY = [(Price of crop (Tk/t) Yield (t/ha)/Price of rice (Tk./t)].

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 6(12): 279-284, 2013 (December); ISSN 1999-7957

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the crop sequences, water productivity was maximum (12.90 kg/ha-mm) and (12.0 kg/ha-mm) in T. Aman-Potato-Rice and T. Aman-Potato-Maize cropping system. The maximum year round rice equivalent yield (27,820 kg/ha) and net return (3,73,700 Tk./ha) was recorded in T. Aman-Potato- Rice with second highest benefit cost ratio (2.28) and followed by (21,443 kg/ha) and (2,90,203 Tk./ha) in T. Aman-Potato-Maize cropping system. Therefore, T. Aman-Potato-Rice cropping system is the best year round cropping plan for crop production in Gazipur district.

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