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Effect of Different Levels of Substitution of Fish Meal with Blood Meal in Peleted Feeds on the Growth Performance of Thai Pangus (pangasianodon Hypophthalmus)

MARINA JAHAN MIMI
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of blood meal in pelleted feeds on the growth, survival and production of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus for a period of 63 days in 12 experimental aquaria in Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. For the experiment, 168 fingerlings of initial weight of 0.050 ± 0.000g were released at the same stocking density (14 fingerlings per aquarium). Four different treatments (T1, T2, T3, and T4) each with three replications were used having different sources of protein containing diets, T1-30% Fish Meal (FM), T2-30% Blood Meal (BM), T3-20% Fish Meal (FM) + 10% Blood Meal (BM) and T4-10% Fish Meal (FM) + 20% Blood Meal (BM). All four diets had a constant inclusion level of the following ingredients: rice bran 20%, wheat bran 40%, molasses 8.5%, vitamin and mineral premix 1%, and 0.5% chromic oxide. Feeds were supplied at 10% body weight twice daily in the morning at 9.00 am and in the afternoon at 5.00 pm throughout the study period and sampling were done at 7 days interval. The range of water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen varied from 23.56 to 23.83ºC, 8.06 to 8.60, 8.2 to 10.2 mg/l, respectively which were within the acceptable range. The range of non significant final weight, weight gain (g), percent weight gain (%), specific growth rate (%/day), and average daily weight gain, varied from 0.613 ± 0.060 to 0.837 ± 0.062 , 0.557 ± 0.061 to 0.787 ± 0.062, 993 ± 135.040 to 1573 ± 124.691 and 1.638 ± 0.09 to 1.938 ± 0.050, respectively. Highest FCR (2.996 ± 0.0474) was found in T4 and the lowest FCR (2.305 ± 0.0.392) was found in T1. The highest PER (0.018 ± 0.002) was found in T1 and the lowest PER (0.012 ± 0.002) was found in T3. The highest survival rate (92.860 ± 0.510) was found in T2 and lowest survival rate was found in T3. Best growth performance was found in T2 followed by T1, T3 and T4. The present research findings suggested that quality feed would be formulated by blood meal with total replacement of fish meal to enhance the growth, production and survival of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.

Keywords: FISH MEAL, BLOOD MEAL, PELETED FEEDS, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Location: Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Pangus

Objectives:

To determine the effect of blood meal in pelleted feeds on growth, survival and production of P. hypophthalmus

Methodology:

Experimental site: The experiment was carried out in the Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted for a period of 63 days. Aquarium preparation: The proposed research work was undertaken in 12 glass aquaria (each contains 57L) at the wet laboratory under the Department of Aquaculture, BAU. An adequate level of dissolved oxygen, in each aquarium was maintained through artificial aeration during the experimental period. All the aquarium were kept on 1m high wooden table to facilitate better observation and accessibility. For convenience the tanks were numbered as 1, 2, 3 up to 12. Experimental design: The experiment was conducted in 12 glass aquaria considering four treatments {Treatment 1 (T1), Treatment 2 (T2), Treatment 3 (T3) and, Treatment 4 (T4)} each having three replications, where aquarium were selected randomly to accommodate the relevant treatments. In this experiment Diet-I: 30% FM, Diet -II: 30% BM, Diet-III: 20% FM and 10% BM, and Diet-IV: 10% FM and 20% BM were used for the treatment 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fry was randomly distributed at a rate of 14 fish per aquaria. Feeding was done twice daily at 9.00 am and 5.00 pm. Partial change of water from each aquarium was done daily during the removal of feces and uneaten feed. Sample collection: Fingerlings of P. hypophthalmus were collected from the fish seed production hatcher (Deshbondhu hatchery) from sadar upazila of Mymensingh. Transportation of fry was done in oxygen bag to avoid stress and physical injury and then stocked in large aquarium at 10.30 am. During the period of acclimation, adequate oxygen supply was maintained through artificial aeration and fish were fed by commercial formulated pelleted feed. Feed formulation: The selected ingredients for this experiment were collected from the local market. Blood was collected from local abattoir and was sundried and oven dried. Rice bran, wheat bran, molasses, mineral and vitamin premix were purchased from local market. Four different diets were formulated (Diet-I: 30% FM only; Diet-II: 30% BM only; Diet-III: 20% FM and 10% BM; Diet-IV: 10% FM and 20% BM). All four diets had a constant inclusion level of the following ingredients: rice bran 20%, wheat bran 40%, molasses 8.5%, vitamin and mineral premix 1%, and 0.5% chromic oxide. The feed ingredients (finely ground and sieved) were weighed accordingly, moistened with water to form dough and pelletized using an electric meat mincer. The pelletized feed was then oven-dried at 60⁰C for 12 hours. The feeds were stored in airtight polythene bags at room temperature. Experimental procedure: The experiment was conducted for 63 days. Each treatment had three replications. The fingerlings of P. hypophthalmus initial weight 0.050 ± 0.000 gm. The fingerlings were randomly distributed at a rate of 14 fish per aquaria. Feeding was done twice daily at 9.00 am and 5.00 pm. Partial change of water from each aquarium was done daily during the removal of feces and uneaten feed. Sampling procedure: Initial and final weight of fish in each aquarium was recorded. Fish were bulk weighed at every seven (7) days interval to keep record of fish weight. Fish were netted by using a fine mesh scoop net and excess water was then removed from fish body gently by using a blotting paper before weighing to the digital balance (AND GULF, Dubai, U.A.E, model : GL-300) (Plate 3). After weighing of the fingerlings were released in the aquarium. Feeding rates: Fingerlings were fed with experimental diets twice daily in the morning at 9.00 am and in the afternoon at 5.00 pm throughout the study period. Fingerlings in each aquarium were fed daily at the rate of 10% of their body weight; the amount was fixed after observing that they were not interested to have more than this percent of feed. Analytical methods: Proximate composition of prepared feeds and individual ingredients were analyzed in the Nutrition Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, BAU following the Association of official Analytical Chemists methods. Water quality parameters: The water quality parameters of different tanks were measured throughout the experimental period. The parameters like dissolved oxygen and pH were determined by dissolved oxygen meter and pH meter and temperature by Celsius/ Centigrade thermometer. Data analysis: The collected data were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA (analysis of variance) with the help of SPSS (Statistical package for social science) to see whether the influence of different treatments on these parameters were significant or not. The means of different treatment were compared by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test to test the significance of variation between the treatment means. Standard error (SE) of the treatment means was calculated from the residual mean square in the analysis of variance. All statistical analysis were carried out by MS EXCEL 2000 (version 7.0).

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No.12 Fish Aqua JJ-06M, Registration No.: 34761 Session: 2007-2008, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

T2 significantly produced the best growth response among the experimental diets. T3 showed significantly (P<0.05) the lowest growth performances. The specific growth rate (SGR) of fish feed different experimental diets produced the highest SGR value in diet T2. T3 performed the poorest FCR values and T1 produced the best FCR values.T1 had significantly (P<0.05) the highest value Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and T2 produced highest survival rate. After all blood meal produced best growth performance through the protein percentage of T2 was higher than T1. Most of the values of this investigation were insignificant (P>0.05) and no clear or specific tends of growth and feed efficiency was chalked out. The information regarding this trial was not enough which might enable to make any comment at present.

Knowledge Management: Thesis