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Assessing Comparative Productivity of Freshwater Snail (viviparus Bengalensis) in Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture and Non-culture Pond

SANJOY KUMAR SARKER
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth and production of freshwater snail (Viviparus bengalensis, Lamarck) in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) pond and non-culture pond was studied for a period of 3 months of the peak season of summer (May to July) and 3 months of the peak season of winter (November to January) into the pond bottom in 4 experimental ponds situated in Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. There were two treatments (T₁ and T₂) each with four replications and each pond was stocked at the rate of 250 g snails/decimal. The individual pond area was of 1 decimal in size. Treatment 1 (T₁) and Treatment 2 (T₂) were considered as IMTA and non-culture pond, respectively. During the experimental period, compost was applied at the rate of 1.70 kg/decimal fortnightly. For measuring growth and production of snail, sampling was done at 30 days interval from each treatment. In IMTA, average length of a snail was 2.36±0.09 cm and 2.35±0.35 cm in summer and winter, respectively and in non-culture pond was 2.26±0.07 cm and 2.16±0.20 cm, respectively. In IMTA, average weight of a snail was 2.56±0.49 g and 3.75±0.05 g in summer and winter, respectively and in non-culture pond was 2.38±0.23 g and 2.77±0.09 g, respectively. In summer and winter, average production of snail was 18,731±1,473 no./decimal and 5,990±424 no./decimal in IMTA, respectively; 15,246±1,026 no./decimal and 3,158±217 no./decimal in non-culture pond, respectively. In summer, highest production was 19,619±62 no./decimal in May at T₁ and lowest was 14,482±23 no./decimal in June at T₂. In winter, highest production was 6,279±21 no./decimal in November at T₁ and lowest was 3,158±42 no./decimal in January at T₂. Overall the productivity of snail was higher in IMTA pond compared to non-culture pond.

Keywords: FRESHWATER SNAIL, INTEGRATED MULTI-TROPHIC AQUACULTURE, NON-CULTURE POND

Location: Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To assess the comparative productivity of freshwater snail in IMTA pond and non-culture pond; and
To assess individual growth by length-weight relationships.

Methodology:

Description of the study area: The experiment of growth and production of freshwater snail (Viviparus bengalensis) in IMTA pond and non-culture pond was carried out for a period of 3 months of the peak season of summer (May to July) and 3 months of the peak season of winter (November to January) into the pond bottom in 4 experimental ponds situated in the south west corner of Faculty of Fisheries (FoF), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. Description of the ponds: The average area of IMTA ponds and non-culture ponds were 1.00 decimal for Treatment l and Treatment 2; with an average depth of 1 m. All ponds possessed similar shape, depth, basin conformation and bottom type; the ponds were free from aquatic vegetation, completely independent and well exposed to sunlight. The ponds had well controlled inlet and outlet. The experimental ponds were arbitrarily numbered as P₁, P₂, P₃ and P₄.Experimental design: The experiment was setup in two Treatments (T₁ and T₂) and each having four replications was given. Treatment l was designed as IMTA pond; Treatment 2 was designed as non-culture pond. Compost preparation: Compost was made on the pond dike by digging a pit on the dike and keeps a polythene sheet (9 feet) in this place as the raw materials were not directly contact with the soil. Before stocking of snails and carps in the pond, pre-stocking compost was made mixing mustard oil cake (1.0 kg/decimal), cowdung (1.0 kg/decimal), urea (0.25 kg/decimal) and water hyacinth (0.5 kg/decimal) For making compost, it was necessary powdering the mustard oil cakes and water hyacinth also made into small pieces and urea mixed with water as it mixed homogenously with other materials. Above materials were mixed with desirable amount of water properly and keep it minimum 3 days for fermentation. After completing fermentation compost were applied in 4 IMTA ponds (2.75 kg/decimal). Following stocking of snails and carps, it was necessary to apply compost at 15 days of intervals. Post-stocking compost was made by mustard oil cake (0.3 kg/ decimal), urea (0.1 kg decimal), cowdung (1.0 kg/decimal) and water hyacinth (0.3 kg/ decimal) Post-stocking compost was made by manually on the same way of pre-stocking compost and applied it at 15 days of interval (1.70 kg/decimal). For completing the research it was needed 7 times to apply compost in the IMTA ponds and of them at one time for pre-stocking and six times for post-stocking applications. Pond preparation: At first dikes were repaired, weeds and undesirable fish species and other aquatic animals were removed by using rotenone and repeated netting. Two kg of rotenone were used in 4 IMTA ponds and then applied the lime after 7 days of rotenone application. Lime was used at the rate of 1 kg/decimal. After 6 days of lime application, pre-stocking compost was applied in all IMTA ponds at the rate of 2.75 kg/decimal. Stocking of snail: Although all experimental ponds contain some natural freshwater snail (Viviparus bengalensis) but they were also released at the rate of 250 g/decimal snails in all experimental ponds which were collected from other ponds. Stocking of carps: The experiment was done on IMTA ponds and non-culture ponds; 4 types of carps such as Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix being stocked at same densities in IMTA ponds. Treatment 1 arranged with four replications where stocking density was maintained at 80 carps/decimal. Treatment 2 arranged with four replications where no culture was done. Post-stocking management: To ensure better growth and production of snail, following management measures were taken. Feeding and fertilization: The ponds were visited daily to observe any abrupt changes in the pond environment and the condition of snail. As the ponds were also used as fish culture, therefore supplementary feed was given twice a day. Rice bran (50%) and wheat bran (50%) mixtures were used as supplementary feed. At 15 days of interval, compost was provided to the pond for satisfactory growth and breeding of snails. By applying compost, plankton population was developed in the IMTA pond which as used as feed by snail. However, no feed and fertilizer were applied in non-culture pond. Sampling of snail: For measuring growth and production, snails were collected at 15 days of interval. Snails were collected from IMTA pond and non-culture pond by using Ekman dredge. Sampling of growth, production and length-weight relationship of freshwater snail were done. Studies on water quality parameters Throughout the experimental period water quality parameters were recorded fortnightly. Water temperature (°C), pH and dissolved oxygen (mg/l) were recorded during every sampling day at laboratory at 9.00 am to 10.00 am. Data analysis: To find out the relationships between the variables particularly length-weight relationships, correlation regression analysis was employed. Significance was assigned at the probability of 0.01 to 0.05%. Independent sample T test were performed by computer based statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 16. The findings of the research work were presented in text and visual methods including tables and graphs.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 12 Fish Aqua JJ-07M, Registration No.: 34747 Session: 2007-2008, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Between two treatments depending on season the highest production was found from Treatment 1 (IMTA pond) compared to Treatment 2 (non-culture pond). Treatment 1 (IMTA pond) showed the best performance, each IMTA pond containing 18,731±1,473 snail per decimal whereas the Treatment 2 (non-culture pond) containing 15,246±1,026 snail per decimal in summer. During winter Treatment 1 (IMTA pond) showed also better performance, each IMTA pond containing 5,990±424 snail per decimal whereas the Treatment 2 (non-culture pond) containing 3,158±217 snail per decimal. It was observed that, snail growth on the basis of length-weight relationship in IMTA pond in summer (2.6296 g weight gain/1 cm increase of length) and in winter (1.4524 g weight gain/1 cm increase of length) were higher than in non-culture pond in summer (1.1196 g weight gain/1 cm increase of length), and in winter (0.8897 g weight gain/1 cm increase of length). The physico-chemical factors of the ponds under two treatments were found more or less similar.

Knowledge Management: Thesis