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Impact of Weather on Sigatoka Leaf Spot of Banana (musa Spp. L.) and Its Ecofriendly Management

M. A. H. Khan
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

I. Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. U. Ahmad
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out during July 2010 to April 2012 to understand the effect of weather prevalence on sigatoka disease of banana suckers in different areas of Bangladesh and to develop an environment friendly disease management practice. Four locations viz. Dinajpur, Bogra, Rangpur and Madhupur were surveyed. To find out suitable and eco-friendly management practices for controlling sigatoka disease of banana, seven treatments were used viz. i) Soil drenching with BAU- Biofungicide (2%), ii) BAU-Biofungicide as foliar spray (2%), iii) Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%) plus foliar spray (2%), iv) Bavistin (carbendazim) spray (0.2%), v) Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) spray (0.2%), vi) Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%) plus Bavistin spray (0.2%); and vii) control. The average highest incidence (26.42%) and severity (22.84%) of sigatoka disease of banana suckers were recorded during October at Bogra, while the lowest incidence (9.75 %) and severity (8.51%) were recorded during January at Dinajpur. Out of the control measures employed, BAU-Biofungicide (2%) either alone or in combination with Bavistin (0.2%) was found as an excellent biocontrol means for controlling sigatoka disease of banana suckers.

Keywords: Banana sucker, Sigatoka disease, Eco-friendly management, BAU-Biofungicide

Location: Dinajpur, Rangpur, Bogra and Madhupur area

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

1. To investigate the effects of temperature, rainfall and humidity on the sigatoka disease of banana suckers.

2. To suggest an eco-friendly management package for the disease.

Methodology:

Major growing areas of banana were identified and selected based on information gathered from government and non-government organizations. Twenty banana fields in four locations of Dinajpur, Rangpur, Bogra and Madhupur were surveyed and sigatoka disease of banana suckers was observed. Suckers of banana were observed carefully and symptoms of the disease were recorded. Diseased samples were collected and brought to the laboratory and the samples were washed thoroughly under running tap water and surface was sterilized with 4% NaOCl. The diseased parts were then cut into 1.0 cm long pieces. One set of the pieces was placed on three layers of wet blotters equidistantly in Pyrex plates and another set was placed on PDA medium. Both sets were incubated for 7 days under 12/12 hr. alternate cycles of near ultra violet light and darkness at 22±2 ºC. The plates were checked after 3 days for fungal growth and continued for 7 days. After incubation, the inoculated PDA plates were observed to identify the causal organisms. Four visits were made as per locations and growing areas of banana in Bangladesh over a period of one year and the study was carried out during July 2010 to April 2012. In each banana field, 30 suckers were considered for disease incidence and severity. Moreover, meteorological data on temperature, rainfall and relative humidity were collected from weather yards located at Dinajpur, Rangpur, Bogra and Tangail throughout the study period. The study was conducted at the Field of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July 2010 to April 2012. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and 15 suckers per treatment were used. For the management of sigatoka disease of banana suckers seven different treatments were employed on the variety Amritsagor. Two fungicides viz. Bavistin (carbendazim) and Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and one Trichoderma based preparation known as BAU-Biofungicide were used for the management of sigatoka disease. The fungicides were used as foliar spray at 30 days interval but BAU-Biofungicide used as foliar spray as well as soil drenching. The treatments were as T₁ = Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%), T₂ = BAU-Biofungicide as foliar spray (2%), T₃ = Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide plus foliar spray (2%), T₄ = Bavistin spray (0.2%), T₅ = Dithane M-45 spray (0.2%), T₆ = Soil drenching with BAU-Biofungicide (2%) and Bavistin spray (0.2%) and T₇ = Untreated control. BAU Bio-fungicide is a formulated product of Trichoderma harzianum developed in Ecofriendly Disease Management Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. BAU Bio-fungicide was thoroughly mixed with the soil @ 6.4g/m² soil. Assessment of incidence and severity of sigatoka disease were done by using the formulae described in 2.4. Percent disease reduction (PDR) was calculated by using the formula. Collected data on different parameters were compiled and analyzed statistically. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed to determine the level of differences and to separate the means within the parameter by using the computer software program MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 13(2): 44-53 (2015), ISSN 2304-7321

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The weather parameters have profound and significant effect on the prevalence of sigatoka disease of banana suckers. Out of the control measures employed, BAU-Biofungicide (2%) either alone or in combination with Bavistin (0.2%) was found as an excellent biocontrol means for controlling sigatoka disease of banana suckers. Trichoderma harzianum based BAU- Biofungicide, a new means of disease control in the banana field could be employed against sigatoka disease of banana in Bangladesh as an eco-friendly disease management tool.

Knowledge Management: Journal