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Effect of Herbicide in Controlling Broadleaf and Sedge Weeds in Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

M. M. Kamrozzaman
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Faridpur.

M. A. H. Khan
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. Ahmed
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Faridpur.

A. F. M. Ruhul Quddus
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Faridpur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of herbicide for controlling of weeds in wheat field at FSRD Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with five replications. There were four treatments viz. U46D fluid, ronstar 25 EC, one hand weeding and control (no weeding). Seven weed species were found in the plots and Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Chenopodium album were the most important weed species. Weed density and dry weight were affected significantly by different treatments. The highest weed dry weight was obtained in control while the lowest dry weight and the highest weed control efficiency were obtained from ronstar 25EC@1 ml/liter water against all types of weed species. Weed control efficiencies of ronstar 25EC against broad leaf, sedge and grass were 92, 86 and 64 %, respectively over control. The lowest weed control efficiency was obtained from one hand weeding treatment, which might be due to lack of proper weeding. Ronstar 25EC produced the highest grain (4.33 t/ha) and straw yields (4.38 t/ha) which were statistically identical to those of U46D fluid. The highest harvest index (49.71%) was found in ronstar 25EC and the lowest (41.89%) was obtained in control. The highest benefit cost ratio (2.30) was obtained from ronstar 25EC that was much higher than hand weeding (1.69). The lowest BCR (1.58) was recorded from the control. It was concluded that herbicide could be a viable alternative of manual weed control practices in wheat cultivation.

Keywords: Herbicide, Sedge, Broadleaf, Ronstar, Efficiency, Harvest index, Weed

Location: Faridpur district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Herbicide

Objectives:

To determine an effective herbicide for the control of weeds in wheat fields and to determine the cost effectiveness of different weed control methods.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Farming System Research and Development (FSRD) site of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) at Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during rabi season of 2011-12 and 2012-13. The soils were mostly sandy to silt loam in texture and reaction was slightly acidic to alkaline having a pH ranging from 6.6 to 7.1. The organic matter content of the soil was about 1.12%. Nitrogen was very low but phosphorus and boron level were close to critical limit. Potassium, sulpher and Zinc content were medium in the soil. The meteorological data at the experimental site revealed that the average highest temperature (28.53^oC) in April and the lowest in (17.85^oC) and January. The crop received average (33.05 mm) rain showers during November to April. BARI Gom-24 was grown as the test crop in the experiment. Four different weed control treatments were imposed such as i) U46D fluid @1ml/liter water, ii) ronstar 25EC@1ml/liter water, iii) one hand weeding at 25 DAS and iv) Control (no weeding). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. The unit plot size was 5m x 6 m. The land was pulverized with a power tiller to ensure good tilth and levelled by a bullock drawn leveller. The fertilized were applied at 100-26- 33-20-5-1 kg of N-P-K-S-Zn-B/ha (FRG, 2005). All P, K, S, Zn, B and two-third of N were applied before final land preparation. The rest N was applied before first irrigation at crown root initiation stage (18 days after sowing). The crop was sown on 22 November 2011 and 25 November, 2012. Seeds were placed continuously in lines (maintaining 20 cm row spacing) by making narrow and shallow furrows with iron rod followed by covering with soil by hand. Whole herbicides were applied at a time in respective plots at recommended doses at 25 days after sowing. One hand weeding at 25 DAS while unweeded control plots were allowed to have weeds throughout the crop growth period. Samples for weed density and dry weight were collected from 50 × 50 cm quadrat at placed randomly selected spots in each plot at 15 DAS and 25 DAS after spraying. The collected data were transferred into m² basis and weed samples were categorized into broadleaf, sedge and grass. Two irrigation were applied at 18 and 51 days after sowing. Intercultural operations were done properly. At maturity, ten plants from each treatment were harvested and yield components were estimated. The economic indices like gross return, gross margin and benefit cost ratio were calculated at the prevailing local market prices. Benefit cost ratio was computed as gross return divided by total cost of cultivation. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) = (Gross return)/(Total cost of cultivation). Grain and straw yield were taken from whole plot. The data were statistically analyzed with computer package programme MSTAT-C and the mean differences were adjudged by the least significance difference (LSD) test at 5% level of probability. Pooled analysis was done as because there was no significant variation in yield and yield parameters between two years.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 13(2): 54-61 (2015), ISSN 2304-7321

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/26588

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the weeds, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon and Chenopodium album were the major infesting weed species in the wheat field. Ronstar 25EC showed higher weed control efficiency than U46D fluid. Among the treatments used in the study, ronstar 25EC produced the highest grain yield (4.33 t/ha), harvest index (49.71%) as well as gross return. The highest benefit cost ratio (2.30) was obtained from the ronstar 25EC against one hand weeding (1.69). Thus, it might be reasonably concluded that herbicide could be a viable alternative of manual weed control practices in wheat cultivation.

Knowledge Management: Journal