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Integration of Carrier Materials for Effective Formulation of Trichoderma Harzianum Against Some Selected Soil-borne Pathogens in the Seed Bed Nursery

Md. Iqbal Faruk
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Md. Abdur Rahman
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Three different carrier materials such as bran of Grasspea, Wheat and Rice alone and their integration with Mustard oilcake (MOC) were used for effective formulation of Trichoderma harzianum as a bio-fungicid and then tested against seedling disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower under artificial inoculated condition. All the substrates formulated with Trichoderma had significant effect in increasing seed germination and decreasing seedling mortality as well as increasing vegetative growth over control. Among the carrier materials, integration of Grasspea bran, MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and Grasspea bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC or wheat bran or Grasspea bran were found to be superior carrier for effective formulation of T. harzianum against Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani under seed bed nursery.

Keywords: Soil-borne, Seed bed, Nursery, Mustard oilcake

Location: Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungicide

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to find out the most cost-effective formulation of T. harzianum as bio-fungicides and its effectiveness against S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted in the Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-2014 cropping season. Separate sick bed of S. rolfsii, R. solani, Fusarium spp were developed in the pot house. The pathogenic fungi, S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani were multiplied in wheat bran + Grasspea bran + mustard oilcake (MOC) substrates and the soil was inoculated with the colonized substrates for establishing the pathogens. T. harzianum isolate was cultured in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Three different substrates viz. wheat bran, Grasspea bran and rice bran and their integration were used leading to 12 treatments viz., T₁= Rice bran, T₂= Wheat bran, T₃= Grasspea bran, T₄= Rice bran + Wheat bran, T₅=Rice bran + Grasspea bran, T₆= Rice bran + Mustard oilcake, T₇= Rice bran + Wheat bran + MOC, T₈= Rice bran + Grasspea bran + MOC, T₉= Wheat bran + Grasspea bran + MOC and T₁₀= Rice bran + Wheat bran + Grasspea bran+ MOC, T₁₁=Seed treatment with provax and T₁₂= Control. The requisite amount of materials for each substrate were thoroughly mixed in a 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask, autoclaved then inoculated with 5mm diameter mycelial discs of 5 days old T. harzianum culture and incubated at room temperature (25±2 ⁰C) for 15 days. After incubation the contents were taken out from the flasks; air dried and used as a T. harzianum bio-fungicide @ 100 g/m² in previously developed sick bed of S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani and was incubated for seven days maintaining proper soil moisture. Two hundred seeds of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower were sown in each treatment. Data were collected on percentage seed germination, seedling mortality, plant growth parameters such as shoot height shoot weight, root length and root weight. Data were analyzed following MSTATC program. Treatment effects were compared to each other by employing Duncun’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI--2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Different substrates and its integration showed significant potentiality on seed germination and seedling mortality caused by S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani for tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower. Seed germination was higher in all treatments compared to control. Irrespective of crops all the integration treatments enhanced germination of seed compared to control. In controlling seedling mortality of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower due to S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani, all the integrating treatments significantly reduced seedling mortality over control but they were statistically similar with other treatments including chemical seed treatment with provex. Regardless of crops, all the treatments significantly proved their bio-control potentiality against S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani over control. Significant effect of formulated T. harzianum in different carrier materials on the shoot length, shoot weight, root length and root weight of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower. Among them, all the integrating treatments showed significantly higher performance on the vegetative growth of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower against S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani inoculated plot compared to control. Significant difference among the integration treatments on the vegetative growth of tomato eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower was not observed. Significantly difference was found for tested individual substrates during formulation of Trichoderma against F. oxysporum and R. solani. Among the carrier materials, integration of Grasspea bran, MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and Grasspea bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC or wheat bran or Grasspea bran alone were found better as carrier for effective formulation of T. harzianum against S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower.

It may be concluded that integration of Grasspea bran, MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and Grasspea bran or integration of rice bran with MOC and wheat bran or integration of rice bran with MOC or wheat bran or Grasspea bran were found better carrier for formulation of T. harzianum against S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and R. solani of tomato, eggplant, cabbage and cauliflower and may be recommended for raising healthy seedlings..

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings