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Management of Foot & Root Rot and Wilt Diseases of Chickpea Through Soil Amendment with Tricho-compost

Md. Iqbal Faruk
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Md. Abdur Rahman
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of bio-agent Trichoderma harzianum against foot & root rot and wilt diseases caused by Sclerotium rolsfii and Fusarium oxysporum of chickpea. The formulated T. harzianum was mass cultured in compost materials. The spore suspensions of T. harzianum were also used as a seed treating agent. Soil amendment with compost materials containing biological control agent T. harzianum is called Tricho-compost found to be the best treatments in reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth and yield of chickpea. Seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax showed similar effect as seed treatments with Trichoderma spore suspensions in reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth and yield of chickpea

Keywords: Chickpea, Soil amendment, Tricho-Compost, Wilt

Location: Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Chickpea

Objectives:

The present study was aimed to find out the effect of Tricho-compost on foot & root rot and wilt diseases of chickpea.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the field of Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. There were 6 treatments viz. (i) Seed treatment with Provax (ii) Seed treatment with Trichoderma spore suspension-1 (iii) Seed treatment with Trichoderma spore suspension-2 (iv) Soil amendment with Tricho-compost-1 (v) Soil amendment with Tricho-compost-2 and (vi) Untreated control. The unit plot size was 2.5 m x 3m. The experiment was designed as RCB with 3 replications. T. harzianum was multiplied in the mixture of Grasspea and wheat bran with mustard oilcake substrates. Then the formulated Trichoderma was used to mass multiplication in two different cow dung based compost and designated as Trico-compost-1 and Trico-compost-2. T. harzianum were cultured in PDA and PBD media and spores were harvested from 10 days old cultured and then were used for seed treatments. The seeds of chickpea (var. BARI Chhola-5) were treated with the spore suspension of T. harzianum maintaining the approximate spore concentration of 1x10⁸/ml. Soil was inoculated with S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum colonized mixture of Grasspea and wheat bran with mustard oilcake substrates @ 100g/m² soil before seed sowing then the soil was treated with Tricho-compost @ 3 t/ha. Seeds were treated with Provax @ 2.5 g/kg seeds at the time of sowing. Data were collected on seedling mortality, plant growth parameters such as shoot height, shoot weight, root length and root weight. The yield of chickpea per unit area was also recorded. Data were analysis by MSTAT program following the standard statistical procedures. Treatment means computed using Duncun’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI--2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Soil amendment with Tricho-compost gave the higher shoot height, shoot weight, root length and root weight followed by seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula and seed treatment with Provax over control. Seedling mortality was found significantly differed among the treatments. The highest seedling mortality, 17.67% was recorded from control treatment. Seedling mortality was lower in soil amendment with Tricho-compost-1 and 2 with 3.00% and 3.67%, respectively followed by seed treatments with chemical fungicide Provax at 4.33% and Trichoderma spore suspensions at 5.00% and 6.00% but statistically the treatments were similar. The highest number of wilted plant per plot was found in control treatment. Soil amendment with Tricho-compost as well as seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax gave significantly lower number of wilted plant per plot which was 2.33, 2.33 and 2.00, respectively followed by seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula with 4.00 and 4.33 per plot. The highest yield of chickpea 1833 kg/ha was recorded from Tricho-compost-2 treated plot followed by Tricho-compost-1, seed treatment with Provax and seed treatment with Trichoderma inocula-2 and 1 where yield was 1763, 1686, 1526 and 1519 kg/ha, respectively. Yield was higher by 40.54% due to application of Tricho-compost-2 compared to control but it was 35.35% due seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax. Soil amendments with Tricho-compost-1 gave higher yield by 38.17% but it was 28.57% and 28.24% due to seed treatments with Trichoderma inocula- 1and 2, respectively compared to control. From this study it is observed that soil amendment with Tricho-compost is proved to be the best treatments for reducing seedling mortality, increasing plant growth as well as for higher yield of chickpea. Seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax also gave higher yield. The results clearly indicated that Tricho-compost having biological control agent T. harzianum provided effective protection measure against seedling diseases of chickpea and also caused plant growth promotion with higher grain yield of chickpea. Different workers reported that the antagonistic activity of different Trichoderma isolates against various phtyopathogenic fungi such as R. solani, F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii

From this it may be concluded that Tricho-compost was most effective option for reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth as well as for higher yield of chickpea. The other options were seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax or T. harzianum inocula for reducing seedling mortality and higher yield of chickpea.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings