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Shark Fisheries Exploitation, Trade, Conservation and Management in the Bay of Bengal of Bangladesh Region

Roy Bikram Jit
Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries Survey Management Unit, C.G.O building - 2, 6th floor, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Nripendra Kumar Singha
Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries Survey Management Unit, C.G.O building - 2, 6th floor, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh

S.M.Hasan Ali
Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries Survey Management Unit, C.G.O building - 2, 6th floor, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Md. Gaziur Rhaman
Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries Survey Management Unit, C.G.O building - 2, 6th floor, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Md. Fukrul Alam
Assistant Chief
Matshya Bhaban, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted during July, 2003 to June, 2013 about landing volumes of shark fishery (sharks and rays) in artisanal and industrial fishing sector only in group wise not in species wise. In these periods, in artisanal fisheries gill nets (shark nets), set bag nets, long lines and trammel nets exploiting data were analyzed. But from 2012-13 periods in industrial fisheries harvesting data of sharks and rays by trawl fishing we re started to record keeping in group wise. During 2012-13 total sharks and rays landing volume contributes only 0.85% (5017 MT) of total the marine fish production of Bangladesh. During 2010-11 to 2012-13 no sharks and rays product items had been traded from Bangladesh due to international market ban But from 2003-04 to 2009-10 period sharks and rays product with fish maws export to the Myanmar, India, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, USA and other countries. Dried and iced sliced meat of shark a nd rays, its sun dried hide, bones, fins, tails, teeth and shark liver oil all are sold for local consumers, but only sets of fins (2 pectoral, 2 pelvic, 1 dorsal, 2 anal and 1 caudal fin) and skins were exporting to the foreign markets, which has been stopped now. In the year 2009-10 total 955 MT of sharks and rays product (with fish maws) were exporting and earning (app.) USD 1.60 million. For the conservation and management of shark fishery need National Plan of Action (NPoA-shark), to banning harvest of critically endangered sharks and rays species. Appropriate law in the Fish Act (at present Fish Act has no forms of restriction for harvesting sharks, while Forestry Act restricts it in Sundarbans area) for sustainable harvesting and conservation of the elasmobranchs. Such law should include how many boats (motorized and non motorized) and industrial trawlers could be allowed to harvest sharks from which area, in which season and the allowable limit of harvests; in every case proper ways of fishing methods should strictly be followed. Coastal areas around Saint Martin’s Island and Sundarbans proposed by the Bay of Bengal should be declared as Marine Protected Area as most sharks use these areas as their nursing grounds.

Keywords: Trade, Conservation, Management, Fish act and Forest act

Location: Department of Fisheries and Livestock, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2003

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Market analysis

Objectives:

To determine the shark fisheries exploitation, trade, conservation and management in the bay of Bengal of Bangladesh region.

Methodology:

Landing data about the shark fisheries (sharks and rays) were collected from the Statistical Year Book of Bangladesh, Department of Fisheries and Livestock, Bangladesh, during July, 2003 to June, 2013 and analyzed. In our marine fishery sector recording of sharks and rays harvesting data from trawl fishing were started during July 2012 to presently but artisanal data was recorded from previous. All sharks and rays data were collected only in group wise not in species wise, in industrial and artisanal fishing sector. Statistical software excel were used for data analyzing.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RESEARCH –GRANTHAALAYAH, [Vol.2(Iss.2):November,2014] ISSN-2350-0530

Article Link (Online Journal): http://granthaalayah.com/Articles/Vol2Iss2/07_IJRG14_A11_33.pdf

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As a target species sharks and rays are a valuable commercial species in industrial and artisanal fisheries mainly caught by shark nets and hook and lines and sometimes exploited in trammel nets, set bag net and different fish and shrimp trawl also. But sometimes some new born juveniles has been harvested by shrimp and fish trawl which were not recorded or reported for very small size and low market value and discarded it as a trash. Shark meat, guts and oil mainly utilized in domestic market and only shark teeth, jaws, fins and skin are also export in the international market as dried and smoked formed in before. And in case of rays only meat and tail used in the local market at some Hindu and Tribal people and shark dorsal view of skin export as dried formed in China, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, UAE and Dubai in before. Due to over fishing small size of sharks and rays are capture huge in number which are great threat for shark fishery in Bangladesh. In this sector many peoples are related to their live hood and gets protein supply. For sustainable management need NPoA - sharks, which help us to protect endangered shark and ray species of shark fishery of the Bay of Bengal of our marine territory.

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