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Effect of Ga3 and Ccc on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Two Cultivars of Maize

S.C. Sarker
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. Ashrafuzzaman
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of GA₃ and eee on the two maize cultivars namely Nutricta and Barnali were investigated from 5 January to 11 May 1994. GA₃ at 25, 50 and 100 ppm and eee at 500 and 1000 ppm were sprayed over the foliage of the maize plants on 40 days after sowing (DAS) while the control plants were sprayed with distilled water. GA₃ had significantly increasing effect on plant height, ear length, ear diameter, kernel row/ear, kernel number/row, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield in both the cultivars. GA₃ at 50 ppm concentration was found more effective than other concentrations. Except chlorophyll contents and 1000-kernel weight, eee and had retarding effect on the parameters studied. Higher yields (5.3 and 5.13 t/ha were harvested from plants sprayed with 50 ppm and 100 ppm of GA₃ respectively. Nutricta was found more responsive to GA₃ and eee than the local cultivar Barnali.

Keywords: Chlorocholine chloride (CCC), Gibberellic acid (GA3), Rowth parameters, Maize

Location: Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 05-01-1994

End Date: 11-05-1994

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To study the adaptation efficiency of a QPM cv. Nutricta and a check cultivar Barnali in the existing agroclimatic condition of Mymensingh and to evaluate the effectiveness of GA₃ and CCC on the growth and yield performance of them.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 5 January to 11 May 1994 to study the effect of GA3 and CCC on the newly developed maize cultivar by CYMMIT, Quality Protein Maize (QPM) cv. Nutricta with a check cultivar Barnali. The soil of the farm was sandy loam in texture. Fertilizers, Urea, TSP and MP were applied at the rate of 190, 120 and 120 kg/ha, respectively. One third of Urea and full doses of TSP and MP were applied at the time of final land preparation. Remaining 2/3rd of Urea was top dressed in two equal splits at 4 weeks of seedling emergence and at flowering stage. Cowdungs were applied 15 days ahead of sowing at the rate of 5000 kg/ha. Seeds of two cultivars (QPM & Barnali) were soaked in water for 24 h and sown on 5 January 1994 by dibbling method. Calculated amount of chemicals were dissolved in distilled water to prepare 100 ppm of GA₃ and 1000 ppm of CCC stock solutions. The stock solutions after proper dilutions were sprayed over the foliage of the plants as per treatments until all the leaves were fully wet on 40 days after sowing (DAS). The control plants were sprayed with distilled water. Chlorophyll contents (Chl.a + chl.b) in the 4th leaf from the top of the plants representing each treatment were estimated at two times, one at 35 DAS (before spray) and the other at 55 DAS (after-spray). Chlorophyll contents were estimated as outlined by Youshida et al. (1980). At final harvest, from randomly selected 5 plants in each plot, data were recorded on plant height, leaves per plant, ear length, ear diameter, kernel row per ear, kernels per row and 1000-kernel weight. The grain yield was calculated on the whole plot harvest basis.

Source of Information: BAU Res. Prog. 9: 136-141, 1995

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Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion it is obvious that GA₃ especially with 50 ppm concentration was most effective to maximize grain yield as it enriched source strength for more assimilates as well as stimulated sink capacity to store more assimilate. In plant, sink and source have a balanced relation. Here sink strength was larger in GA₃ treated plants particularly for GA₃at 50 ppm and smaller for CCC application. Number of kernels per ear shows strong relation to grain yield and ear length and diameter were positively correlated for grain yield. Thus in maize, GA₃ treated plants produced maximum while CCC reduced the same. At the same time the QPM cv. Nutricta suited well in agroclimatic conditions of Mymensingh performing equally well as that of the local cultivar, Barnali.

Knowledge Management: Journal