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Contribution of Morpho-physiological Traits on Yield of Lentil (lens Culinaris Medik)

Mohd Monjurul Alam Mondal
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Adam B. Puteh
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Mohd Abdul Malek
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. Roy
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mohd Rafii Yusop
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiments were performed under sub-tropical condition (24°8´ N 90°0´ E) with five promising lentil mutants, LM-149, LM-417, LM-504, LM-507, LM-1018 and a check, L-5 to evaluate some morpho-physiological features and its impact on seed yield. The growth rate was very slow during the vegetative phase in all the genotypes due to a relatively smaller portion of dry matter production before flower initiation and bulk of it after anthesis. The maximum growth rate was observed at late flowering stage (60-70 days after sowing) in most of the genotypes. Results indicated that genotype improvement efforts have achieved higher seed yield by higher growth rate at early growth stages and better assimilate partitioning to economic yield. The bushy plants are unlikely to improve harvest index in lentil. Two mutants, LM-507 and LM-1018 had medium plant stature with moderate biomass production capacity and improved harvest index and increased yield. This information may be used in future plant breeding programme.

Keywords: Growth, Lentil, Mutants, Nitrate reductase, Yield

Location: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Lentil

Objectives:

To evaluate some morpho-physiological features and its impact on seed yield of lentil.

Methodology:

Planting materials and experimental design - Two field experiments were conducted at the experimental field of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during winter (November-March) in two consecutive years of 2009-10 and 2010-11. Five elite lentil mutants were developed from the widely cultivated local landrace, L-5, through chemical mutagenesis using the chemical mutagen, sodium azide. The name of the mutants/ mother variety is presented. The soil of the experimental area is silty loam having 0.06% nitrogen, 1.15% organic matter, 18.5 ppm available phosphorus, 0.28 meq/100g exchangeable potassium, 18 ppm sulphur and 6.8 pH. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The unit plot size was 2.5 m × 2.0 m with plant spacing of 30 cm × 5-6 cm. Crop establishment and cultural practices - Seeds were sown in lines, two weeks after germination. Plants were thinned to 5-6 cm distances. Recommended intercultural practices such as weeding, thinning, application of pesticides were followed for proper growth and development of the plants in both years. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash were provided during final land preparation at the rate of 20, 45 and 30 kg ha^-1 in the form of urea, triple superphosphate and muriate of potash, respectively. First weeding was done followed by thinning at about 25 days after sowing (DAS). Parameters measured - The morpho-physiological parameters were recorded only from the second year experiment, and yield and yield components were recorded from both year experiments. To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of six harvests were made in 2010-11. Ten plants were randomly sampled for growth parameters from 40 DAS and continued at an interval of 10 days up to 90 DAS. The second and third rows of each plot were used for sampling. Plants were separated into roots, stems, leaves and pods, and the corresponding dry weights were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2⁰C for 72 hours. The growth analysis was carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). Leaf area index was measured by Canopy analyzer (Model: LAI 2000, LI-COR Biosciences, USA). Chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity in leaves, leg-haemoglubin content in nodule and photosynthesis rate in leaves were determined at 65-70 DAS (flowering and fruiting stages). Leaf area of each sample was measured at 90 DAS (flowering complete, pod growth and development stage) by automatic leaf area meter (Model: LI 3000, LI-COR Biosciences, USA). Leaf chlorophyll was determined following the standard method. Leaf photosynthesis was measured by photosynthesis meter (LI 6400XT, LI-COR Biosciences, USA). Nitrate reductase activity was determined. Leg-haemoglubin was determined by the Cyanmethaemoglobin method . Grain protein percent was estimated by Micro-Kjeldhal method.The yield contributing characters were recorded at harvest from ten competitive plants of each plot. The seed yield was recorded from five rows of each plot (1.5 m × 2.0 m) and converted into seed yield ha-1. Statistical analysis - All data were analyzed statistically as per the used design following the one way analysis of variance technique and the mean differences were adjusted with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test using the statistical computer package programme, MSTAT-C. Microsoft excel was used for graphical presentation.

Source of Information: AJCS 7(8):1167-1172 (2013); ISSN:1835-2707

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In addition to superior characters for yield components, a high yielding lentil genotype should possess a relatively higher growth rate at early growth stages and having capacity to better dry matter partitioning to economic yield. Among the mutants/cultivar, ML-1018 produced the highest seed yield ha^-1and HI with earliest maturity time, which may fit in the existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal