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Effect of Irrigation on the Yield and Quality of Litchi

F. Akter
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI

A. R. Akanda
Chief Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI

M.P. Haque
Scientific Officer
Agril. Engg.

M. Roknuzzaman
Scientific Officer
Agril. Engg. RARS, Ishurdi

M. Amin
Chief Scientific Officer
RARS, Hathazari, Chittagong

M. Dhar
Principal Scientific officer
RARS, Hathazari, Chittagong

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at RARS, Hathazari, Chittagong and RARS, Ishurdi, Pabna during 2013-2014 to determine the effect of irrigation on yield and quality of litchi as well as to identify the critical growth stages for irrigation. In Hathazari, yield and yield contributing characters varied significantly among the treatments. The litchi yield ranged from 16.18 kg/plant to as high as 42.34 kg/plant. The lowest yield (16.18 kg/plant) was obtained from the T₁ (Non- irrigated tree) and the highest yield (42.34kg/plant) was found from T₄ (irrigated at flowering and fruit setting stages). The highest amount of irrigation water (384 mm) was used by the highest yielded treatment. The economic return/tree was also the highest (Tk. 2944) from the irrigated trees (T₄). In Ishurdi, The litchi yield ranged from 22.19 kg/plant to as high as 48.51 kg/plant. The lowest yield (22.19 kg/plant) was obtained from the T₁ (Non- irrigated tree) and the highest yield (48.51 kg/plant) was found from T₄ (irrigated at flowering and fruit setting stages). The highest amount of irrigation water (334 mm) was used by the highest yielded treatment. The economic return/tree was also the highest (Tk. 10350) from the irrigated trees (T₄).

Keywords: Irrigation, Yield, Litchi

Location: RARS, Hathazari, Chittagong and RARS, Ishwardi, Pabna

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Litchi

Objectives:

To find out the effect of irrigation on yield and quality of litchi cultivation

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at RARS, Hathazari, Chittagong and RARS, Ishurdi, Pabna during October, 2013- May, 2014. Twelve (12) trees were selected for the experiment at each location. In Hathazari , trees were also almost in uniform ages (12 years), height of those trees were approximately 5 m and the variety was BARI Litchi-2. Fertilizers were applied as common practice for every tree @ NPKSZn @ 445-390-600-42-11 g/plant and Cow dung 30 kg/plant in 30 December, 2013. In Ishurdi, trees were almost in uniform ages (08 years), height of those trees were approximately 3.7 m and the variety was BARI Litchi-3. Fertilizers were applied as common practice for every tree @ NPKSZn @ 369-240-400-36-7 g/plant respectively and Cow dung 20 kg/plant in 27 December, 2013. A common irrigation practice applied during fertilizer application at both the locations. Plant protection measures were taken as and when necessary. The irrigation treatments were

T₁= Farmer’s practice

T₂= Irrigation at flowering stage

T₃= Irrigation at fruit setting stage

T₄= Irrigation at flowering and fruit setting stage

Irrigation was applied through ring basin method by hose pipe system. Amount of water to be applied during each irrigation was estimated on the basis of measuring soil moisture depletion from the field capacity. In Ishurdi, farmers irrigated their field during fertilizer application. Field capacity was found to be (29.58%) at Hathazari, and 27% at Ishurdi. Soil moisture content was monitored at depths of 10 cm intervals up to 1.5 m at all stations. Fruits were harvested on 18 May 2014 at Hathazari and 20-05-14 to 02-06-14 at Ishurdi. All necessary agronomic data, yield and yield contributing characters were collected and analyzed statistically by using MSTAT-C software.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, IWM Division, BARI 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In Hathazari, the highest fruit yield/tree (42.34 kg) was obtained from the treatment T₄ (irrigated at flowering and fruit setting stages) which was about 162 % increase over control. The lowest yield/tree (16.18 kg) was found in control i.e. non-irrigated treatment. The highest seasonal water (384 mm) was used by the high yielded treatment T₄. The economic return/tree was also remarkably higher than the (non-irrigated) treatment. In Ishurdi, The highest fruit yield/tree (48.51 kg) was obtained from the treatment T₄ (irrigated at flowering and fruit setting stages) which were about 118 % increased over control. The percentage of fruit drop in irrigated trees were also lower than the non-irrigated trees. The lowest yield/tree (22.19 kg) was found from the treatment T₁ (non-irrigated). Fruit quality as affected by irrigation. The major qualities like, edible portion, pulp weight, TSS etc. were also found to be better than non-irrigated trees. Irrigation had a significant effect on yield of quality fruits of litchi in both the locations.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings