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Characterization of Vibrio Cholerae Isolated from Human Diarrhoea in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Rahamat Ali
Veterinary Surgeon, Upazilla Livestock Office, Razarhat, Kurigram

Md. Shahidur Rahman Khan
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Most. Arifa Khatun
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University

M. Shah Alam
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

A.K.M. Mostafa Anower
Department of Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh
Department of Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Diarrhoeal diseases are one of the top five causes of mortality in all age groups in Bangladesh. An investigation was carried out with the aim of focusing the isolation and characterization of Vibrio cholerae from diarrhoeal stools of human in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of 42 rectal swab samples were aseptically collected from human. Vibrio cholerae was isolated from diarrhoeal stools of human by cultural and biochemical examinations and susceptibility of the isolated Vibrio cholerae to different antibacterial agents was performed by Disc diffusion test. Out of 42 samples, 8 were found to be positive for Vibrio cholerae. The overall prevalence of Vibrio cholerae was 19.05%. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern demonstrated that Vibrio cholerae isolates were highly sensitive to Polymixin B, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole; moderately sensitive to cephalexin and nalidixic acid; less sensitive to erythromycin; and resistant to amoxicillin. This study suggested that there was remarkable prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in human diarrhoea and Polymixin B, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole could be used for treating the patients with diarrhoea caused by Vibrio cholerae.

Keywords: Characterization, Vibrio Cholerae, Human, Diarrhoea

Location: Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To isolate and characterize V. cholerae from diarrhoeal stools of human using cultural, morphological and biochemical examinations to know the prevalence of diarrhoeal episode in Bangladesh

Methodology:

Collection of samples - A total of 42 rectal swab samples were aseptically collected (thirty five from SK Hospital and 7 from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Health Centre, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) from human. Collected swab samples were inoculated into test tubes containing freshly prepared sterile nutrient broth (NB) and carried to the laboratory for the characterization of V. cholerae. Isolation and characterization - Isolation of V. cholerae from the samples were carried out by culturing the samples on Nutrient agar (NA), Blood agar (BA), MacConkey (MC) agar and Thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar plates. The inoculated plates were incubated at 37⁰C for 24-48 hours. TCBS agar containing characteristic colonies of V. cholerae were selected for subculturing in order to obtain a pure culture of the organisms. The organisms thus obtained as pure culture were selected for further studies. Identification of the V. cholerae from the pure culture was carried out based on their colony characteristics, Gram staining reaction, haemolysis pattern and motility test. Biochemical characterizations of the isolates were performed with sugar fermentation test, Triple sugar iron agar slant reaction, Methyl Red test (MR) and Voges-Proskauer test (VP), indole test, oxidase test and catalase test. Susceptibility of the isolated V. cholerae to different antibacterial agents was performed by Disc diffusion test. This method allowed the rapid determination of in vitro efficacy of an antibiotic by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition, which results from diffusion of the agent into the medium surrounding the disc. Seven commercially available antibacterial agents (Hi-Media Laboratories, Bombay, India) were used for this purpose. The name of these antibacterial agents, their concentration per disc and the diameter of zone of inhibition that was used to interpret the data are presented.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biological Research, 2 (1) (2014) 23-25

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.14419/ijbr.v2i1.2493

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Our study showed that the diarrhoeal episodes in Bangladesh caused by V. cholerae are remarkable and the overall prevalence of V. cholerae in study area was 19.05%. It was also found that V. cholerae isolates were highly sensitive to Polymixin B, ciproflox-acin and co-trimoxazole and resistant to amoxicillin.

Knowledge Management: Journal