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Selection Strategies to Choose Better Parents in Tomato Using Genetic Parameters

Tasnia Taiana
MS Student
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Azadul Haque
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Harun-Ur-Rashid
Associate professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment comprising a total of 21 genotypes of tomato was evaluated in RCBD to show variation, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean of different yield contributing traits. All the genotypes varied significantly with each other for all the studied characters indicated the presence of inherent genetic variations among the genotypes. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were slightly higher than the respective genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters under study indicating that the characters were less influenced by the environment. Plant height and number of fruits per plant showed high heritability along with high genetic advance were normally more helpful in predicting the genetic gain under selection. Moderate heritability for primary branches per plant indicated favorable influence of environment rather than genotypes. Considering this idea and other agronomic performances, the genotypes BD-7748, Local Jessore -3 and Local Kustia- 1, BD-7762, BD-7285 and BARI hybrid-4, BD-7290, BD-9011 and BARI Tomato-3 might be considered better parents for efficient hybridization programme in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Genetic advance, Germplasm, Heritability, Morphology,Variability.

Location: Experimental farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka

Start Date: 00-09-2013

End Date: 00-05-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To evaluate the twenty one tomato genotypes based on variability, heritability and genetic advance.

Methodology:

The present research work was carried out in the experimental farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka during September 2013- May 2014. Twenty one genotypes of tomato were used for the present research work. Among these genotypes three land races, seven popular varieties, eleven advanced lines were undertaken. The genetically pure and physically healthy seeds of these genotypes were collected from Plant Genetic Resources Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and land races were collected from farmer’s field. The experimental plot was prepared by ploughing with proper tiller. The weeds and other unwanted plant materials were removed from the field during the land preparation. Proper laddering was done to bring the soil at proper tilth condition. A Randomized Complete Block Design was used in the experiment with three replications. The field was divided into three blocks; the blocks were subdivided into 21 plots. Genotypes were randomly assigned into 21 plots in each block. The plot size was 195 m2 (13m x 15m). Block to block and plot to plot distance were 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively.The seed sowing was carried out on 13 November 2013 in the seedbed. After 25 days seedlings were transplanted into the main field. Intra and inter row distance were maintained @ 0.6 m and 0.5 m, respectively.The Urea, Triple Super Phosphate, Muriate of Potash @ 550, 450, 250 kg/ha and Cowdung 10 ton/ha were used in the experiment. Total TSP and Cowdung were applied in final land preparation. Half of Urea and half muriate of potash were applied after three weeks and remaining were applied in the plot after five weeks of transplanting. When the seedlings were well established, 1st mulching and weeding were done uniformly in all the plots. 2nd weeding was done after 20 days of the first one. Mechanical support was provided to the growing plants by bamboo sticks to keep them erect. During early stages of growth, pruning was done by removing some leaves to allow the plants to get more sunlight and to reduce the self-shading and incidence of increased insect infestation. Several weeding mulching were done as per requirement. After transplanting the seedlings were properly irrigated for 3 consecutive days. Then flood irrigation was given to the plants after each top dressing of urea. Final irrigation was given during active fruiting stage. Ripcord 10EC (Cypermethrin) was used for 6 times at an interval of 7 days from 06 January to 11 February 2014 to prevent pest infestation. There were different types of weeds which were controlled effectively by hand weeding. Harvesting continued from 04 March to 20 April, 2014 because fruits of different lines matured progressively at different dates. Fruits were picked on the basis of maturity, size, color and age.Data were recorded on individual plant basis from 10 randomly selected plants. Observations were recorded on various plant traits i.e. plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, days to first flowering, days to 50 percent flowering, days to maturity, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), fruit length (mm), fruit diameter (mm) and fruit yield per plant (kg). The collected data were analyzed statistically using Mstat-C software.

Source of Information: Plant Knowledge Journal, 4(1):33-39, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the genotypes varied significantly with each other for all the studied characters indicated the presence of inherent genetic variations among the genotypes. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were slightly higher than the respective genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters under study indicating that the characters were less influenced by the environment. Plant height and number of fruits per plant showed high heritability along with high genetic advance were normally more helpful in predicting the genetic gain under selection. Moderate heritability for primary branches per plant indicated favorable influence of environment rather than genotypes. Considering this idea and other agronomic performances, the genotypes BD-7748, Local Jessore -3 and Local Kustia- 1, BD-7762, BD-7285 and BARI hybrid-4, BD-7290, BD-9011 and BARI Tomato-3 might be considered better parents for efficient hybridization programme in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal