Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Comparative Studies on Growth and Physiological Responses to Saline and Alkaline Stresses of Foxtail Millet (setaria Italica L.) and Proso Millet (panicum Miliaceum L.)

Mohammad Sohidul Islam
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Mosammad Masuma Akhter
Division of Agronomy, Wheat Research Centre (BARI), Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Ayman El Sabagh
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Li Yun Liu
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Nguyen Tran Nguyen
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Akihiro Ueda
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Yoshikuni Masaoka
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Hirofumi Saneoka
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soil salinization and alkalization are widespread environmental problems. To compare the growth and physiological responses under saline stress (SS) and alkaline stress (AS), Foxtail millet (Setaria italic L) and Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L) were tested under saline and alkaline conditions by mixing the two neutral salts (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) and the two alkaline salts (NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃). Compared to SS, AS inhibited in greater extent plant dry weight, relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR) and relative water content (RWC) and the rates of reduction were more pronounced in Foxtail millet, indicating that tolerance to AS was higher in Proso millet than in Foxtail millet. Sodium concentration in leaves was enhanced at double by AS than in SS. Foxtail millet accumulated more Na in the leaves and stem but the roots of Proso millet contained a higher concentration of Na, indicating that Proso millet inhibited the transportation of Na from roots to shoots which resulted in less of a decrease in plant growth. The N content markedly decreased under AS in leaves, stems and roots of both species. The proline content in leaves increased under both treatments and it was higher in SS than in AS. These results suggest that the potential extent of stress-induced injuries was higher in Foxtail millet than in Proso millet and thus Proso millet may have a higher capacity to tolerate saline and alkaline conditions, especially the more deleterious alkaline condition.

Keywords: Alkaline stress, Nitrogen, Panicum miliaceum, Proline, Setaria italica, Saline stress

Location: Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Prosomillet, Foxtail millet

Objectives:

The present study was aimed to assess inter-species variation on growth and physiological responses to saline and alkaline stresses of Foxtail millet and Proso millet in their vegetative stage.

Methodology:

Plant material and culture conditions - The experiment was conducted at the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan. The seeds of Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. cv: BARI kaun-3) and Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L., cv: BARI china-1) were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. The seeds of both species were surface-sterilized with 5% thiophanate-methyl for 5 min and air-dried. The seeds were sown into 5 L plastic pots containing a soil mixture of granite regosol soil and perlite (2:1 v/v). After germination, 20 uniform seedlings were kept at an identical distance in each pot. Pots were maintained under greenhouse conditions. Plants were irrigated with nutrient solution at each watering using an irrigation system. The basal nutrient solution contained 8.3 mM NO₃-N, 0.8 mM NH₄-N, 0.5 mM P₂O₅, 2.2 mM K₂O, 0.7 mM MgO, 2.1 mM CaO, 11 μM MnO, 5 μM B₂O₃ and 13 μM Fe. To simulate saline stress (SS) and alkaline stress (AS) conditions in nature, two stress treatments were applied: neutral salts of NaCl and Na₂SO₄ (9:1 molar ratio) and alkaline salts of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ (9:1 molar ratio). At four weeks after sowing, plants were subjected to stress treatments every day until water was drained-out from the bottom of the pot. Before applying 100 mM SS and AS treatments for 7 days, plants were subjected to SS and AS of 25, 50 and 75 mM concentrations every 3 days alternatively for the hardening of plants. The pH/EC (S/m) of saline and alkaline solutions was 6.9/1.217 and 9.2/0.930, respectively. Each treatment was applied to three replicates located randomly in the greenhouse in order to avoid positional effects. Plant sampling and measurements - Plants in each pot were sampled and separated into the leaves, stems (culms) and roots before the application of treatments and at 16 d after treatment initiation. The separated segments were wiped with tissue towel paper to remove moisture and their fresh weights were measured. The fresh samples were kept frozen in liquid nitrogen, then freeze-dried and we measured the dry weight. Dry samples were ground into fine powder using a vibrating sample mill (Model TI-100, Heiko Seisakusho Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for chemical analysis. Leaf samples were taken in triplicate from a composite pool of physiologically mature leaves of each genotype. The leaf area was measured using a leaf area meter (AMM-5 type leaf area meter, Hayashi-Denko, Tokyo, Japan) and the leaves were oven-dried at 80°C for 72 h and the dry weight was determined. The leaf area ratio was calculated as the total leaf area per unit leaf dry mass. The RGR was calculated using the method of Kingsbury et al. . The RWC of the leaf was estimated according to the method of Saneoka et al. The Na and K concentrations were determined after digestion by nitric acid–hydrogen peroxide, using a flame photometer (ANA 135, Eiko Instruments Inc., Tokyo, Japan). The Ca and Mg concentrations were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (U-3310 Hitachi Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Proline was determined spectrophotometrically following theninhydrin method, using l-prolin as a standard. The total N content was determined using a Kjeldahl nitrogen digester and distillator (Kjeldatherm Type TT100 & Vapodset Type 20, Gerhardt, Germany). Statistical analysis - Data were examined using one-way ANOVA and presented as the mean ± S.E. for each treatment and species (n=3). Multiple comparisons of means of data treatments within the plants were performed using Duncan’s test at the 0.05 significance level (all tests were performed with SPSS Version 16.0 for Windows).

Source of Information: AJCS 5(10):1269-1277 (2011); ISSN:1835-2707

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In summary, the responses of Foxtail millet and Proso millet under saline and alkaline conditions were complex and may involve various physiological and biochemical reactions depending upon their genetic ability. Proso millet showed a more favorable leaf area, LAR, NAR, RGR and Na-K levels under saline and alkaline conditions by reducing stress-induced changes in all physiological and biochemical functions. Meanwhile, the deleterious effects of alkaline stress on all plant traits were always higher than that of saline stress, and thus Proso millet may have evolved specific mechanisms to tolerate saline and alkaline stresses and these should be investigated further.

Knowledge Management: Journal