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Study on Present Status and Constraints of Aquaculture in Pirgachha and Kawnia Upazila of Rangpur District

MD. HASANUR RAHMAN HASAN
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to know the status and constraints of aquaculture in Pirgachha and Kawnia upazila of Rangpur district of Bangladesh. The data were collected from 40 fish farmers through questionnaire interview for a period of four months from July 2013 to October 2013. Most of the ponds (85%) were perennial with an average size of 0.38 ha and a depth of 1.70 m. All of the fish farmers practiced carp polyculture system using different aquaculture inputs like fertilizer, feed, seed, and chemicals. They were usually found to collect fish seed from Bogra and Mymensingh. The average stocking density was found 93410 fry/ha with an average annual yield of 3270.13 Kg/ha. The best harvesting period was from December to January. Average cost of netting was about Tk. 5046.25/yr and drying cost was about Tk. 4306.78/yr. The present study also identified constraints of aquaculture in the study area which included loss of fish during flood, non-availability of land, lack of scientific and technical knowledge, lack of manpower, outbreak of fish diseases, lack of credit facilities, high price of various inputs, low product price, lack of marketing facilities, theft of fish and poisoning the pond water. If the suggested constraints could be solved, fish production in the study area would possibly be increased tremendously.

Keywords: AQUACULTURE, PIRGACHHA UPAZILA, KAWNIA UPAZILA, RANGPUR DISTRICT

Location: Pirgachha and Kawnia upazila, Rangpur district.

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-10-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

i. To find out the present status of aquaculture in Pirgachha and Kawnia upazila of Rangpur district; and
ii. To find out constraints of aquaculture in the study area.

Methodology:

Selection of the study area: The selection of study area depended on the objectives set for the study. Pirgachha and Kawnia Upazila of Rangpur district situated in the northern region of Bangladesh have been selected for the present study. The main reasons for selecting these areas for the study were as follows: a. Information regarding aquaculture activities of this region was not well-known. b. No research was conducted before in this aspect. c. Social norms and common beliefs were well known by the researcher. d. The study area was not far away and thus it was less expensive as well as easier for data collection for the researcher. Preparation of the survey schedule: According to the objectives of the study, a survey schedule (for 40 farm owners) was prepared to collect the expected data. At first a set of questionnaire was prepared and pre-tested to verify the relevance of the questions and the nature of the sample producers. After pre-testing and necessary adjustment, a final set of questionnaire was developed. There were 26 questions. The questionnaire covered mainly farmers profile, fish culture strategy, sources of farm water, fish seeds, fish feed, uses of fertilizers, chemicals and drugs, stocking density and production, harvesting, marketing system and constraints of aquaculture.
Selection of sample producers: It was not possible to include all the farms under the study because of limitation of time and resources. A responsible size of sample to achieve the objectives of the study was considered. Considering these aspects 40 sample farms were selected randomly for the study. Period of data collection: The data were collected for a period of four months from July 2013 to October 2013. Collection of data: Data were collected by direct interviews (Plate 1). With a set of interview schedule designed for this study, each respondent was given a brief introduction about the nature and purpose the study during the interview. Besides, the researchers asked the questions systematically in a very systemic manner with explanations wherever it was felt necessary and the information were recorded. Problems encountered during data collection: During data collection, the researcher encountered the following methodological problems were faced: i. Most of the farmers in the study area had no idea about a research work and it was therefore, difficult to explain the purpose of this research to convince them; ii. Most of the farm owners were initially in hesitation to give answer of the questions; iii. Most of the farm owners were not interested to give accurate cost, investment and production data; and iv. The respondents were not maintaining any written records of their farming business. Therefore, the investigator had to depend on data supplied by respondents for their memory. On some cases farm owners were not available at home and in such cases the investigator had to give extra effort and time to collect information from them. Processing and analysis of data: The collected data were scrutinized and summarized carefully before the actual tabulation. Some of the data were collected into local units and those data were converted into international units. The processed data were transferred to a master sheet from which classified tables were prepared revealing the findings of the study. Then the data were tabulated into a preliminary data sheet of a computer and compared with computer spread sheets to ensure the accuracy of the data entered. After data entry, the data were analyzed with computer programs, Microsoft Excel.

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 12 Fish Aqua JD-03M, Registration No.: 39699 Sessions 2012-13, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the respondents practiced carp polyculture and they had several constraints in aquaculture. The collected data were summarized, tabulated and analyzed according to the objectives of the study. Other different income generating activities by the respondents, it was found that highest income came from aquaculture. The farmers used mainly homemade feed during culture practice. They also used different organic (cowdung) and inorganic fertilizer such as urea, TSP, MP, and lime. Farmers had disease problems in their ponds through prevalence of fish disease varied with cultured species. The most prevalent diseases as reported by the farmers were EUS, tail and fin rot, hemorrhagic lesion over body surface, dropsy, gill rot and malnutrition. According to the farmer‘s opinion, they applied of lime and drugs in the pond for the most common treatment. The present study also explored major constraints encountered by the farmers. The problems faced by the farmers were loss of fish during flood, non-availability of land, lack of scientific and technical knowledge, lack of manpower, outbreak of fish diseases, lack of credit facilities, high price of various inputs, low product price and lack of marketing facilities, theft of fish and poisoning the pond water. Apart from the constraints of fish farming, farmers in this region were found to contribute considerably in inland fish production in Bangladesh. It is thus important to take necessary action to reduce all the constraints of aquaculture to achieve sustainable growth in future.

Knowledge Management: Thesis