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Gene Actions Involved in Yield and Yield Contributing Traits of Chilli (capsicum Annuum L.)

M. Hasanuzzaman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohamad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Faruq Golam
Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Gene action for yield and yield contributing traits in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) was studied in four selected crosses, involving five parents, including their F1's, F2's and first back crosses generations. The significant scaling tests (one or more scales in A, B and C) and joint scaling test indicated the presence of digenic epistasis for all the studied traits. Number of fruits and yield per plant were controlled by additive, dominance and epistatic gene action. Complex genetic behavior was observed in all traits. Since the segregating generations did not follow a simple Mendelian inheritance, high selection pressure is expected in later generations due to probable successful exploitation of additive and dominance components. From these observations it is suggested that the selection for the improvement of all traits, particularly yield per plant, should be delayed to the later generations of segregating population in this plant. The modified bulk method of selection is recommended, in which selection is performed after attaining the homozygosity for maximum heterozygous loci. Presence of complementary gene action and prevalence of the high magnitude of non-additive gene effects were found in most of the traits, indicating that heterosis breeding is more effective with high potential in chili.

Keywords: Generation mean, Gene action, Chili (Capsicum annuum L.), Yield components

Location: Research and Development (R & D) Farm of Lal Teer Seed Limited at Basan, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2006

End Date: 00-07-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

To find the inheritance pattern of yield and yield related traits in chilli.

Methodology:

Plant Materials - Four selected crosses covering 5 selfed parents with their 4 F1’s, 4 F2’s and 8 backcrosses were used in this study. The six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁P₁ and BC₁P₂) were developed in 2006-2007 to 2007-2008. Experimental design and growing conditions - The present study was conducted at the Research and Development (R & D) Farm of Lal Teer Seed Limited at Basan (North 23.9763^o and East 090.3539^o), Gazipur, Bangladesh from the period of October 2006 to July 2009. The soil of the experimental land was clay loam, slightly acidic in reaction (soil pH=6-6.5) and low in nitrogen content. Six generations, P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁P₁ and BC₁P₂ of all four crosses were sown in seedling tray at R & D farm of Lal teer seed limited, Gazipur in September, 2008. Each treatment was replicated three times using RCB design. The transplantation of seedlings completed in October 2008. Raised beds were prepared for transplanting. The width of raised bed was 1.5 meter. Plant to plant distance was 50 cm and row to row distance was 70 cm. Bed to bed distance was 1.0 meter that was used as drain. Data collection and analysis - The number of plants selected for data recording per cross were 10 for P₁, 10 for P₂, 10 for F₁, 90 for F₂ , 35 for BC₁P₁ and 35 for BC₁P₂ in each replication. The plants were tagged randomly at flowering stage and data were taken from these selected plants. To find out the presence of gene interaction scaling test and joint scaling test were performed following the standard method. The three-parameter model of Jinks and Jones was used to test the adequacy of the additive-dominance model in the absence of non-allelic gene interaction and the six-parameter model were used to estimate various gene effects including the non-allelic interaction.

Source of Information: AJCS 5(13):1868-1875 (2011); ISSN:1835-2707

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The analyses of gene actions of the selected four crosses revealed that six parameter model fitted in all traits in all four crosses except for CCA 5 × CCA 11 cross in the number of seeds per fruit, which found to be fitted with three parameter model. Significant digenic epistatic gene action was present in all the traits in all four crosses with very few exceptions. Additive, dominance or both the components play an important role in the inheritance of these traits under study.

Knowledge Management: Journal