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Morpho-physicochemical Characterization of Balam Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Land Races of Bangladesh

M.S. Ahmed
GRSD, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh

M.K. Bashar
Harvest Plus, CIAT, Banani, Dhaka, 1213, Bangladesh

M. Wazuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

A.K.M. Shamsuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In total 40 land races of Balam rice of Bangladesh were studied at BRRI during 2009-11. The analysis of variance of 38 morpho-physicochemical characters showed highly significant differences among the genotypes. The mean performances showed high degree of variations among the genotypes. The culm height varied from 61.5 (B31) to 137.26 cm (B11), effective tiller number per hill from 6.33 (B34) to 24.67 (B30), straw yield per hill from 8.44 (B21) to 57.93 g (B39), primary branch number from 6.33 (B21) to 14.33 (B17), secondary branch number from 11 (B26) to 50 (B29), grain length from 6.43 (B33) to 10.83 mm (B8), 1000-grain weight from 16.44 (B32) to 33.22 g (B39) and grain yield per hill from 8.47 (B26) to 33.31 g (B17), respectively. The mean separations showed that no single duplicate genotype was present in the land races. Besides, high GCV and h2 b together with high GAPM were observed in culm height, 1000-grain weight, LB ratio, panicle exertion, secondary branch number, plant height etc. suggested that selection may be effective for these characters in segregating generations. In correlation coefficients between different characters, 63 correlation coefficients were positive in nature and only 10 estimates were negative. This represents very highly favorable situation for obtaining high response to selection in improving yield and yield components in rice germplasm evaluated. Therefore, these characters emerged as most important associates of grain yield in rice. Finally, the traditional rice germplasm can offer valuable gene pools, which need to be characterized by using molecular tools for QTL mapping of valuable traits.

Keywords: Morpho-physicochemical characters, Balam rice land races, Bangladesh

Location: Research plots of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the variability of 40 land races of Balam rice with duplicate and similar names of Bangladesh for identifying potential genotypes.

Methodology:

Experimental site and materials: The field experiments were conducted at the research plots of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during 2009-2011 and the physico-chemical properties were estimated in the laboratories of Grain Quality and Nutrition Division (GQND) of the same during 2011. A total of 40 land races of Balam rice of Bangladesh were used in the experiments, which were collected from Genebank of BRRI at Gazipur. Experimental design: The thirty days old single seedling was transplanted per hill for each genotype in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Spaces within and between rows were 20 and 25 cm, respectively. The unit plot for each genotype had 4 rows each 2.7 m long. The chemical fertilizer dose of 60-50-40-10 kg NPKS per hectare was applied in the form of Urea, Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Muriate of Potash (MP) and Gypsum respectively. Total quantity of TSP, MP and Gypsum were applied at the final land preparation. Urea was applied in three installments at 15, 30 and 45 Days After Transplanting (DAT). Data analysis: The data of the morpho-physiocochemical characters were statistically analyzed by computer using Mstat-C software. For each character, the mean and range were calculated and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was performed. The mean values were separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as suggested by Stell and Torrie. The error MS was considered as error variance (σ2e). The genotypic variance (σ2g), phenotypic variance (σ2p) and heritability (h2 b%) in broad sense were estimated as suggested by Johnson et al., while the Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV %) and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV %) by the formula as suggested by Burton. Moreover, the Genetic Advance (GA) was estimated according to Lush and Johnson et al., the Genetic Advance in Percent Mean (GAPM) by Comstock and Robinson and the simple correlation coefficients by Beale.

Source of Information: International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 9 (3): 163-176, 2015; ISSN 1819-3595

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ijpbg.2015.163.176

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The traditional rice germplasm can offer a valuable gene pool. Highly significant differences among the land races were observed. The highest potentiality (positive) were found in B39 for straw yield per hill, biological yield and 1000-grain weight, B11 for culm height and plant height, B17 for primary branch number, grain yield per panicle and grain yield per hill, B8 for grain length and B2 for protein content and the lowest potentiality (negative) were found in B32 for 1000-grain weight and B31 for plant height, respectively. Finally, molecular characterizations of identified genotypes need to be done for QTL mapping of valuable traits.

Knowledge Management: Journal, Thesis