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Food Security in Bangladesh: Proximate Composition of Tubers and Removal of Toxicity in Flower of Cassava Strains for Use Are Potential Human and Animal Food.

Dr. Md. Solaiman Ali Fakir
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots (tubers) are used as staple food in Africa, Carbbean and Asia. Starch extracted from tubers is also utilized in garment, paper, food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. Its leafs is rich in protein and vitamins and can be used as vegetables and feed after removing hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Starch was extracted in cortex and peel of seven cassava accessions (A1+, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A8) in 2011-2012. Extraction was carried out by blending chopped tuber following decantation. For four production, freshly harvested tubers were peeled, chopped, cubed and dried at 50°C with around 12-15% moisture. Dried cube Cassava pieces were milled into flour. Tuber starch content varied from 15.04% (fresh wt basis) in A8 to 5.85% in A1. Variation also existed in tuber protein content among the accessions. Crude protein content varied from 1.87% (average of A2, A3 and A8) to 4.53% in A6. Crude fiber content also varied from 1.96% (average of A4 and A1) to 4.27% in A3. Cyanogens present in cassava convert into HCN during harvesting and processing. HCN variation existed and it was 140 mg/Kg fresh tuber (average of A8 and A1) to 546.0 mg/Kg fresh tuber in A6. Lethal dose of HCN for human is ≤ 50mg HCN/average body weight. There was no detectable HCN in the flour and starch extracted. Flour and starch extracted from cassava tuber is safe for human and animal consumption.

Keywords: Cassave, Food security, toxicity, animal food

Location: Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 30-06-2012

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Cassava

Objectives:

1. To investigate the effect of Morphotypes on tuber yield;

2. To determine HCN and proximate composition of tubers in 5 selected strains.

Methodology:

Following the steps of the Methodology: 1. Cultivation Protocol: 2. HCN and proximate composition: 3. Data to be Recorded: 4. Growing season:

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, Volume-22, 2011. Proceedings of the workshop of BAU Research Progress, 02-03 April 2012.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 400000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 400000

Achievement/Findings:

There was no detectable HCN in the flour and starch extracted. Flour and starch extracted from cassava tuber is safe for human and animal consumption.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings