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Salinity Stress Effect on Biochemical Changes in Leaves of Rice Genotypes Differing in Salt Tolerance

M. A. Razzaque
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

N.M. Talukder
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

A. K. Bhadra
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The impact of salinity stress on biochemical changes of salt tolerant genotypes PVSB9, PVSB19, PNR381, PNR519, Iratom24 and salt sensitive genotype NS15 along with one standard check salt tolerant rice cultivar Pokkali were assessed in two factors [7 rice genotypes in combination with 5 levels of salinity (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 dS m^-1 )] in pot culture. The biochemical aspects studied include chlorophyll, free amino acids and soluble proteins of the selected rice genotypes in view to evaluate their response at different salinity levels. The results of biochemical changes indicated that salinity seriously affected the biosynthesis of leaf chlorophyll of all the selected genotypes at different days after transplanting (DAT). At 35, 65 and 75 DATs, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with increase in salinity levels but total chlorophyll and chlorophyll b decreased with increasing the levels of salinity. The soluble protein and free amino acids content in leaves of seven selected rice genotypes increased significantly with increase in salinity levels at 35 DAT but at 60 and 75 DAT, this increasing pattern continued up to 6 and 9 dSm^-1 , respectively.

Keywords: Oryza sativa, Sodicity, Plant metabolism,Chlorophyll

Location: Glasshouse of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-12-2005

End Date: 00-06-2006

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate their response at different salinity levels biochemical characters such as chlorophyll, free amino acids and soluble proteins of the selected rice genotypes

Methodology:

The research work was conducted at the glasshouse of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from December, 2005 to June, 2006. The experiment was laid out in two factorials CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with four replications. There were two factors viz. Factor-1: 7 Rice genotypes and Factor-2: 5 salinity level (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 dS m-1 ). Soil for this pot experiment was collected from the field of BINA Farm, which was non-calcarious Dark Grey Floodplain having loamy texture. The soil was dried under the sun followed by crushing, mixed thoroughly and 8 (eight) kg soil was put in each pot. The pot soil was fertilized with urea, triple supper phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum as sources of N, P, K and S at the rate of 100 kg N, 60 kg P₂O₅, 75 kg K₂O and 20 kg S ha^-1 , respectively. The whole amount of TSP, MP, gypsum and 1/3rd of urea was applied prior to final preparation of the pots. Thereafter, the soil in pots was moistened with water and commercial NaCl salt was added to salinize pots to develop salinity upto the level of 3 dSm^-1 . Six weeks-old single seedling of selected rice genotypes per hill and three hills per pot were transplanted in the respective pot. Two weeks after transplanting the remaining salt solutions were applied in each pot according to the treatments. To avoid osmotic shock, salt solutions were added in three equal installments on alternate days until the expected conductivity was reached. Salt solutions were collected every 24 hours from each pot and electric conductivity (EC) was measured with a conductivity meter and necessary adjustments were made. The remaining 2/3rd urea were top dressed in two equal installments at 25 and 50 days after transplanting. Weeds grown in the pots and visible insects were removed time to time by hands in order to keep the pots neat and clean. Watering was done in each pot to hold the soil water level and salt concentration constant when needed. Determination of biochemical parameters The biochemical parameters were determined in 3 times at 35, 60 days after transplanting (DAT) from leaf blade of 3rd leaf from the top and at 75 DAT from leaf blade of flag leaf. i) Total chlorophyll content: Chlorophyll content such as chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll were determined from the leaf samples using the method. ii) Free amino acid content: Extraction and estimation of total free amino acid contained in leaf samples were performed following the procedure. iii) Soluble protein content: Soluble protein content in the leaf samples was determined according to the method. iv)Statistical analysis: The collected data were analyzed statistically following Completely Randomized Design by MSTAT-C computer package programme . The mean differences were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test and regression lines were developed as and when required.

Source of Information: Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2(1): 40–46, 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The soluble protein and free amino acids content in leaves of seven selected rice genotypes increased significantly with increase in salinity levels at 35 DAT but at 60 and 75 DAT, this increasing pattern continued up to 6 and 9 dSm^-1 , respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal