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Improvement of Calf Health Through Blood Transfusion.

Dr. Md. Akhter Hossain
Professor
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, BAU, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of blood transfusion from non-dam donors to calves on various haematological parameters was studied. Storage of blood acid dextrose (ACD) and citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) for transfusion was also investigated. The status of haematological parameters in general was upgraded following blood transfusion in calves. The haematological parameters studied were, total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count (DTC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). The level of up gradation of these parameters, however, was not significant. The only biochemical parameter studied was total serum protein which also did not undergo significant change. No adverse reaction was encountered during or immediately after transfusion in the recipient calves. Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) was found more effective for blood storage compared to ACD. With either of these preservatives, however blood was stored for 21 days without significant deterioration of its components. In another study, influence of blood transfusion from dams to calves on different haematobiochemical and clinical parameter was studied in 10 calves. The parameters monitored were TEC, TLC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, ESR, TSP and DLC. Clinical parameters studied comprised heart and respiratory rates and rectal temperature. Among the haematobiochemical values, TEC, Hb and PCV increased significantly after blood transfusion. These values decreased after day-3 of transfusion but remained well above the pre-transfusion control levels throughout the study period. The TCL value increased significantly (P<.05), the highest increase (28.33%) was recorded at day-3. Observation of MCV, MCH and MCHC did not reveal any significant change (P>0.05). The ESR value declined significantly (P.0.05) after transfusion and the highest decrease was recorded at day-3. The TSP value increased significantly (P.0.05) after blood transfusion and this trend continued throughout the experimental period. The maximum increase was 15.52% at day-28.the DLC in the recipients did not show any significant variation as compared with the control value. Among clinical parameters respiratory rate significantly (P>0.05) increased during transfusion. Heart rate increased insignificantly (P>.05). These changes, however, returned to normal level 3 days after transfusion. Blood from dams to calves was highly compatible and improved different haematobiochemical parameters.

Keywords: Calf health, blood transfusion, haematological, parameter, TSP, significant.

Location: Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, BAU.

Start Date: 01-07-1998

End Date: 30-06-2001

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Calf

Objectives:

1. To study the therapeutic value of blood transfusion in anemic calves for the improvement of health.

2. To study the haemato-biochemical changes in the transfused calves.

3. To investigate compatibility of cross matching in blood transfusion technique.

4. To record complications of blood transfusion in calves.

5. To record the influence of blood transfusion on body weight gain.

Methodology:

Following Methodology have been taken for this project: 1. Material: Twelve calves of 6 months to 1 year old will comprise the major material for the study. Blood samples collected from these animals will be subjected to various laboratory analyses.

2. Design of experiments: The data obtained will be analyzed by ANOVA and Students‘t’ test. Blood samples (5 ml) at 0 hours and thereafter every day after transfusion for 10 days will be collected for various haemato-biochemical analyses.

3. Procedure to be followed in achieving stated objectives: (i) Experimental animals: Twelve malnourished cross bred male calves of 6 months to 1 year old with similar health condition will be purchased from the local market. The animals will be maintained in the Departmental animal shade and will be adapted in the new environment for 4 weeks. The calves will be dewormed and will be maintained on green grass and concentrates. (ii) Collection of blood for transfusion: Blood from the healthy, young, adult cattle will be collected from the local slaughter house in plastic bags specially manufactured for this purpose. The blood will be collected from the donor at the rate of 7 ml/kg body weight using acid citrate dextrose (ACD) as anticoagulant. (iii) Transfusion in the recipient: A sterilized bleeding cannula will be inserted into the jugular before transfusion with those of the donors as described afresh against the gravity at the rate of 500 ml/15 mins. When the preserved blood will be used, they will be rewarned in the waterbath at 40. (iv) Haematology: The blood samples collected from the experimental animals according to research protocol will be analysed for haemoglobin, haematocrit, TEC, TLC and DLC by the merhod of Coles. (v) Biochemical parameter: Total plasma protein will be estimated by Biuret method using the technique as described by Gornall et al. (vi) Nutritional status: The body weight gain of both the transfused and non transfuged calves will be recorded every week throughout the period of experiment.

Source of Information: Volume 13, Proceedings of the workshop 09-10 April 2003, Bangladesh Agricultural University Research System BAURES), Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 318350

Total Budget (Tk.) : 318350

Achievement/Findings:

Among clinical parameters respiratory rate significantly (P>0.05) increased during transfusion. Heart rate increased insignificantly (P>.05). These changes, however, returned to normal level 3 days after transfusion. Blood from dams to calves was highly compatible and improved different haematobiochemical parameters.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings