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Effect of Benzyl Adenine and Gibberellic Acid on Dormancy Breaking and Growth in Gladiolus Cormels

F.N. Khan
Floriculture Division, Horticulture Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh

M.M.Hossain
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh

T. Hossain
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at the Floriculture Research Field, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute during the period from November 2006 to May 2008 to determine the optimum concentration of BA and GA₃ on dormancy breaking of gladiolus cormels and their effect on cormel growth and subsequent production of gladiolus corm and cormels. Application of 100 mg GA₃ gave the maximum corm (117,000) and cormel yield (1.49 t ha^-1) followed by GA3 75 mg L^-1. Among various levels of BA, 50 mg L^-1 and 125 mg L^-1 showed statistically similar corm and cormel yield ha^-1. Moreover, BA 125 mg L^-1enhanced multiple shooting. Partial budget analysis revealed that the highest marginal rate of return for BA and GA₃ was 921% and 775%, respectively.

Keywords: Benzyl adenine, Gibberellic acid, Dormancy breaking, Growth and gladiolus cormel

Location: Floriculture Research Field, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

Start Date: 00-11-2006

End Date: 00-05-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Gladiolus

Objectives:

To find out the optimum concentration of BA and GA₃ on dormancy breaking of gladiolus cormels and to find out the effect of BA and GA₃ on cormel growth and subsequent production of gladiolus corm and cormels.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at Floriculture Research Field of Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during the period from November 2006 to May 2008. Medium sized (1.5-2.0 cm diameter) cormels of BARI Gladiolus 1 were used as planting materials. There were 11 treatments. Two growth regulators such as Benzyl adenine (BA) and Gibberellic acid (GA₃), each at five levels viz., 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 mg L^-1 and control (water soaking) were used in this experiment. Medium sized cormels were soaked for 2 hours in BA and GA₃ solution and also in water as per the treatment schedule. The soaked cormels were then shade dried for 2 hours and then planted. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The cormels were planted at 20 cm × 15 cm spacing in unit plot of 1.2 m × 1.05 m. The crop was fertilized with 200 kg urea, 225 kg TSP and 190 kg MOP ha^-1. Cowdung, TSP and MOP were applied as basal and urea was top-dressed in two equal splits at 4 leaf stage and spike initiation stage. The cormels were planted on November 30, 2006. Different intercultural operations like weeding, watering were done as and when necessary. The cormel plants were not allowed to flower as that would reduce the production of corm and cormels. The spikes were removed carefully without foliage injury, before they open. Harvesting of corms and cormels were done only when leaves turned brown. After taking necessary records, the corms were stored in a perforated nylon bag in normal room temperature according to treatments. The stored corms were planted on December 6, 2007 to observe the performance of flower production. Data on different growth and yield parameters were recorded and analyzed statistically. Considering only the variable costs, a partial budget analysis was done.

Source of Information: Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 2011, 44(3): 165-174

Article Link (Online Journal): www.thaiagj.org

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that application of BA 50 mg L^-1 or GA3 50 mg L^-1 showed better performance for corm and cormel production from cormel along with the highest marginal rate of return 921% and 775%, respectively. GA3 100 mg L^-1 gave much higher gross margin (308,500 Tk ha^-1) compared to 50 mg L^-1 GA₃. The resultant corms of the treatments 50 mg L^-1 BA or GA₃ or 100 mg L^-1 GA₃ could give better yield of corms and cormels including flowers in the next year. So, Cormel can be treated with BA 50 mg L^-1, GA3 50 mg L^-1 and GA₃ 100 mg L^-1for dormancy breaking, growth and yield of gladiolus corm and cormel.

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