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Yield of Wheat as Affected by Different Factors of Production in Bangladesh

M. Kamrul Hasan
Planning and Evaluation Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Jamal Uddin
Planning and Evaluation Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Abdur Rasdid
Planning and Evaluation Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Input use efficiency of wheat cultivation was studied employed farm level cross sectional data from three major wheat growing areas of Bangladesh. The average wheat yield was recorded 2395 kg ha^-1 with highest yield at Dinajpur (2493 kg ha^-1) and lowest at Jamalpur (2189 kg ha^-1). Considering farm categories the highest yield was recorded with large farmers (2532 kg ha^-1) followed by medium (2381 kg ha^-1) and small (2347 kg ha^-1). The aggregate production function showed that animal power, FYM, muriate of potash, gypsum, irrigation cost, land type, soil type and sowing date were statistically significant in explaining the variation in wheat yield. The aggregate return to scale was 0.54 suggested that there was further scope to increase yield by applying proper and improved management of inputs.

Keywords: Wheat, Factors of production, Bangladesh

Location: Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-11-2003

End Date: 00-06-2004

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To identify and measure the key factors responsible behind the yield variation so that policy interventions may be made accordingly.

Methodology:

Data - A multistage sampling procedure was followed to select study areas. In the first stage three wheat growing districts namely Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Jamalpur were selected purposively which covered 31 percent of total wheat growing areas of the country. In the second stage, one upazila from each district and one union from each upazila were selected randomly. Finally three mouzas (one from each union) were selected randomly for primary data collection. In order to collect primary data, probability sampling technique was adopted. At first a sampling frame of wheat growing holdings were constructed with the help of village leaders, record book of union council and other relevant people. The list included the name of household heads and farm size in the selected mouzas. These farms were stratified into small, medium and large based on land holdings as per criterion adopted for many of the farming systems and crop based research in Bangladesh. The classification of the farm groups were as small farms (0.2 ha to <1.0 ha), medium farms (1.0 ha to <2.0 ha) and large farms (2.0 ha and above). For determining the sample size Fisher’s measure of skewness was applied and an optimum number of 293 samples (Dinajpur 101 (Large 33, Medium 29 & Small 39), Jamalpur 89 (Large 8, Medium 25 & Small 56) and Rajshahi 103 (Large 19, Medium 32 & Small 52)) were chosen. Required farm level data were generated through household surveys. A pre-designed and pre-tested interview schedule was used to collect data during November 2003 to June 2004. Analytical Techniques - The factors affecting yield are measured by using both tabular and functional methods. For functional analysis Cobb-Douglas stochastic production frontier model is used. Cobb-Douglas production function is the most widely used form for fitting agricultural production data, because of its mathematical properties, ease of interpretation and computational simplicity. The empirical Cobb-Douglas stochastic production frontier form of the multiple regression for this study was used. Besides the use of Cobb-Douglas frontier production frontier some tabular presentation also prepared to explain the wheat production practices and factors affecting yield.

Source of Information: Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 2011, 44(1): 11-22

Article Link (Online Journal): www.thaiagj.org

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the study indicated that most of the farmers did not use the recommended inputs for wheat production. None of the farmers appeared to have optimum allocation of the inputs for producing wheat and there appeared to be substantial scope for reallocation of inputs in each location by each of the farmers’ categories. Farmers were found to use both excess and insufficient amount of inputs especially seed, farm yard manure and chemical fertilizers. Excess or insufficiency of an element reduces the effectiveness of the other elements and consequently reduces the yield. Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to use balanced dose of fertilizers and allocate their resources optimally and timely for increasing wheat yield by maintaining soil health.

Knowledge Management: Journal