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Plant Physiology and Fruit Secondary Metabolites of Canistel (pouteria Campechiana)

H. Mehraj
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8556, Japan. 1908

R.K. Sikder
Horticulture Development Division, BADC, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

T. Taufique
Deaprtment of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

A.F.M. Jamal Uddin
Deaprtment of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Canistel (Pouteria campechiana) is a newly cultivated fruits in Bangladesh. From this study, we tried to find out plant physiology and also secondary metabolites in hydro-alcoholic, methanol and aqueous extract of canistel fruit. Plant physiological characters were determined by respective instruments and fruit phytochemicals were screened using standard methods. SPAD reading (47.9%), photosynthetic rate (9.6 μmolm-²s-¹), stomatal conductance of H₂O (0.8 μmolm-²s-¹), CO₂ references (348.4 vpm), H₂O references as spartial pressure (33.8 mBar) and P.A.R incident on leaf surface (271.1μmolm-²s-¹) was found out. It yielded 123.6 kg fruit/plant while fruit had 11.6% degree of brix and 61.3 mg/100 g fruit Vit.-C with 13.3% moisture. Alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, reducing sugar, phlobatannins, proteins, amino acids, lipids, fats and acidic compounds were found to be present but flavonoids, phenolics and saponins were found absent on canistel fruit. Canistel fruit have a number of secondary metabolites and identification of these phytochemicals may be helpful for phytochemists and pharmacologists in future.

Keywords: Fruit, Alcoholic, Aqueous, Extract and Phytochemicals

Location: Horticulture Development Centre, (BADC), Tangail and 2 abiotech Laboratoey, Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Start Date: 00-05-2012

End Date: 00-05-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fruit

Objectives:

To find out plant physiology and also secondary metabolites in hydro-alcoholic, methanol and aqueous extract of Canistel fruit

Methodology:

Experiment was conducted at Horticulture Development Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), Tangail and 2 abiotech, Department of Horticulture, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh during May 2012 to 2013. Physiological, Physical and Chemical Properties of Plant: Leaf area and chlorophyll was measured by CL-202 Leaf Area Meter and SPAD 502. Infrared gas analyzer (IRGA)-LC pro⁺ Photosynthesis System was used to determine photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance of H₂O, CO₂references, H₂O references as partial pressure, P.A.R incident on leaf surface. Brix percentages were measured by Portable Refractometer (ERMA, Tokyo, Japan). Vit-C content was estimated by Oxidation Reduction Titration Method. 10 g sample was taken and dried in air oven at 105°C until to gain a constant weight and dried sample weighted again. This procedure was repeated 5 times for accuracy. Secondary Metabolites Determination: Canistel fruits were washed with water and cut into small pieces, dried and powdered. Extraction was performed by cold maceration method. Hydro-alcoholic Extract, Aqueous Extract, Methanol Extraction were prepared by procedure. Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis includes chemicaks likes lycosides, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Tannins and Phenolics, Terpinoids, Steroids, Saponins, Reducing Sugar, Phlobatannins, Protein and Amino Acid, Lipid and Fat Test, Acidic Compounds were determined by following methods.

Source of Information: World Appl. Sci. J., 33 (12): 1908-1914, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Physiological and phytochemical assessment gave useful information about canistel fruits. Pouteria campechiana was found to be rich in secondary metabolites and may have used for treating several diseases. All tested phytochemicals except flavonoids, phenolics and saponins were present in canistel fruits that have curative properties. We suggest to Bangladeshi peoples for dietary intake of canistel fruit that will help to prevent them from many diseases. However, further study could be conducted to quantify the secondary metabolites also isolation for pharmaceutical uses.

Knowledge Management: Journal