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Effect of Split Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Morphophysiological Parameters of Rice Genotypes

Md. Shaiful Islam
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. HASANUZZAMAN
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. Rokonuzzaman
Department of Basic and Social Sciences, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong, Bangladesh

K. Nahar
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out to assess the effect of four nitrogen levels viz. T₁ (full doze of urea i.e. 215 kg urea ha^-1 at 15 DAT), T₂ (full doze of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 30 DAT), T₃ (full doze of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 55 DAT) and T₄ (full doze of urea at three equal splits, 1/3 at 15 DAT + 1/3 at 30 DAT + 1/3 at 55 DAT) on morpho-physiological attributes of Boro rice genotypes viz. V₁ (BINAdhan-5), V₂ (Tainan 3) and V₃ (BINAdhan-6). Plant height, number of tillers hill^-1, number of leaves hill^-1, leaf area hill^-1 (cm²), DM (dry matter) of root, stem and leaves hill^-1, TDM (total dry matter) hill^-1 and chlorophyll content in leaves (at 74 DAT), were increased with the split application of N. Among the treatments, T₄ showed the best performance and grain yield (45.25 g hill^-1) compared to control (30.61 g hill^-1). Among the genotypes, BINAdhan-5 and BINAdhan-6 showed similar performance in respect of most of the parameters but BINA dhan-6 produced the highest grain yield (40.26 g hill^-1) compared to BINAdhan-5 (35.54 g hill^-1) and Tainan 3 (33.90 g hill^-1). Full dose of urea (215 kg urea ha^-1) applied at three equal split at 15, 30 and 55 DAT was found to be the most beneficial one for the all the rice genotypes. Leaf chlorophyll content had a strong contribution to grain yield of rice.

Keywords: Rice, Nitrogen,Split application,Tillers, Physiology,Chlorophyll, Yield

Location: Potyard of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2014

End Date: 00-04-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the effect of four nitrogen levels on morpho-physiological attributes of Boro rice genotypes

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, during Boro season (November to April). Geographically, the experimental area is located at 24o 75′ N and 90o 50′ E longitude at the elevation of above 18 m the sea level. The soil of the experimental pot was silty-loam having non-calcarious properties. The soil was more little neutral (pH 6.8) in nature. Earthen pots were used in this experiment. The size of the pot was 30×20 cm. The soil was collected from 0-15 cm depth. The collected soil was well pulverized and dried in the sun and decomposed cowdung was mixed with the soil. A basal dose of triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP) and gypsum were used as the source of phosphorus, potassium and gypsum applied at the rate of 180 kg ha^-1, 100 kg ha^-1 and 20 kg ha^-1, respectively (1 ha = 3 x 106 kg fresh soil) at the time of final pot preparation. There was 3 different rice varieties used in the experiments viz. BINAdhan-5 (V₁),Tainan 3 (V₂) and BINAdhan-6 (V₃). Different Nitrogen application treatments were T₁ (Full dose of urea at 15 DAT (Days after transplanting), T₂ (Full dose of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 30 DAT), T₃ (Full dose of urea at two equal splits, ½ at 15 DAT + ½ at 55 DAT and T₄ (Full dose of urea at three equal splits, 1/3 at 15 DAT + 1/3 at 30 DAT + 1/3 at 55 DAT). The recommended dose (Full dose) was 215 kg urea ha-1 (1 ha = 3 x 106 kg fresh soil). The experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications as factorial arrangement. Pre-germinated seeds were sown in wet nursery bed and proper care was taken to raise the seedlings in seedbed. Forty five (45) day old 3 seedlings were transplanted in each pot. Seedling in some hills died off, and these were replaced by gap filling after one week of transplanting with the seedling from the same source. Intercultural operations were done properly. About 5-6 cm water layer was maintained in the pot until the crop attained maturity. Data were collected at 65 and 90 DAT. Chlorophyll content was measured at post flowering stage following the procedure. Leaf samples were collected at post flowering stage and was weighed separately. In a digital scale 0.05 g of fresh leaves was measured separately. Samples were maturated in 80% acetone. These were then centrifuged for 10 minutes and finally made a volume of 5 ml with acetone (80%). The optical density was measured at 645 and 663 with a spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed following Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique and mean differences were adjusted by the multiple comparison test using the statistical computer based programmed Mstat-C. Means were compared by using DMRT test.

Source of Information: International Journal of Plant Production, 3(1): 51-62, (2009)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result also varies from different variety where BINAdhan-6 showed the best results among three varieties. Among the split application of N, three equal split at 15, 30 and 55 DAT produced the highest grain yield (45.25 g hill^-1) which is 47.82% higher than control. BINAdhan-6 produced the highest grain yield (40.26 g hill^-1) which was 13.28% and 18.28% higher than BINAdhan-5 and Tainan 3.

Knowledge Management: Journal