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Variation in Plant Growth, Tiller Dynamics and Yield Components of Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.) Due to High Temperature Stress

Kamal-Uddin Ahamed
Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Kamrun Nahar
Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Masayuki Fujita
Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho-Kitagun, Kagawa-761-0795, Japan

Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To observe the effect of high temperature stress on the growth and development of five wheat varieties an experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from November, 2008 to April, 2009. There were two growing conditions viz. normal sowing and another was late sowing. The late sown wheat plants phased a significant heat stress, especially at the reproductive period that influenced their growth and development pattern. Plant height, tiller number, yield components and yield were compared of all varieties under two environmental conditions. All the varieties performed negatively for all parameters under heat stress condition. Due to heat stress plant height, no. of total tillers, fertile tillers decreased and no. of sterile tillers increases. In the same environment the ear length, no. of spikelet main stem^-1, fertile floret main stem^-1 decreased and no. of sterile floret main stem^-1 increased. The 1000 grain weight and yield also decreased due to high temperature stress. The performance of Bijoy was the best in respect of yield as the yield reduction was the least (53.42%), whereas Sufi showed worst performance (73.01% yield reduction). Therefore, from this study it may be concluded that under high temperature stress the performance of the variety Bijoy was the best especially regarding the yield components and yield.

Keywords: Grain filling, Heat stress, Pant growth, Tiller dynamics, Sowing time, Yield.

Location: Research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-11-2008

End Date: 00-04-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To observe the effect of high temperature stress on the growth and development of five wheat varieties

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November, 2008 to April, 2009. The soil of the experimental field belongs to the Shallow Red Brown Terrace Soils. Five modern verities of wheat viz. Sourav, Pradip, Sufi, Shatabdi and Bijoy were used as experimental materials. Seeds were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. Performance of these varieties were evaluated under two growing environment one is normal growing environment (sowing at November 30) and another is post anthesis heat stressed environment (sowing at December 30). The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Seed were sown in 1.5 m × 2 m sizes plot at rate of 120 kg ha^-1 maintaining 20 cm line to line and 5 cm plant to plant distance. Fertilizers were applied in recommended dose and method. The dose of cowdung was 7 t ha^-1. Urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum were applied at 180, 140, 40 and 110 kg ha^-1 as a source of N, P, K and S. The whole amount of all fertilizers and manure and two-third urea were applied during land preparation and the rest amount of urea was applied during first irrigation. The first, second and third irrigation was given 20, 60 and 80 days after sowing. Weeding and other intercultural operation was done when necessary. Temperature data were recorded regularly from the field by an automatic maximum and minimum thermometer. The number of tillers/plant was recorded at the maximum tillering stage. Ten random hills were collected from each plot for collection of data on plant characters and yield components. Different growth stages were observed carefully and recoreded accordingly. Data on yield components were recorded carefully. The grain yield was adjusted at 12% moisture level. The data was analyzed using MSTAT-C programme. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by multiple comparison tests using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: AAB Bioflux, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2010

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.aab.bioflux.com.ro

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bijoy can be considered as the best performing variety among the all studied varieties under heat stress condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal