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Monosex Gift Tilapia (oreochromis Niloticus) Fry Nursing at Farmers Ponds in Kounia and Lalmonirhat Sadar Upazilas

A J M SAYEEM
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out on the monosex GIFT tilapia fry nursing at farmers’ ponds in two upazilas (Kounia and Lalmonirhat Sadar) of greater Rangpur district during September to October/2013. The experiment had total eight ponds (four ponds in each upazila), 15 decimals each and three stocking densities viz. 1000/dec(T1), 1200/dec(T2), 1400/dec(T3). The treatment T1 had 2 replications and both T2 and T3 had 3 replications. The ponds were properly prepared using rotenone, lime and fertilizer (urea, TSP) before stocking. The fry was stocked in the farmers’ ponds at the age of 30 days old having 0.01g and 1.0cm averagely and reared up to 40 days. The fry was fed with artificial feed (Aftab tilapia feed: powder form) and providing 40% for 1st, 30% for 2nd, 20% for 3rd ten days and finally 10% for 4th ten days successively. Every 10 days interval, sampling (length and weight) data were recorded. After 40 days rearing, the fry were completely harvested using seine net. Average weight gains (g) were 6.05, 5.84 and 6.48 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Survival (%) rates were 75, 65 and 70 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Gross yields (kg/dec/40d) were 5.93, 5.71 and 6.60 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Slightly variation occurred among treatments for those parameters. T1 performed bests in terms of survival but T3 performed bests in terms of weight gain and gross yields. It may be concluded that T3 (stocking density 1400/dec) was more suitable and profitable economically in the study area. It may play an important role by providing financial support to the poor farmers gradually achieving sustainable livelihood.

Keywords: Monosex gift tilapia, Fry nursing, Kounia, Lalmonirhat

Location: Kounia and Lalmonirhat Sadar upazia, Rangpur district

Start Date: 23-09-2013

End Date: 02-11-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Tilapia

Objectives:

1. To optimize the suitable stocking density of monosex tilapia fry in nursery pond; and
2. To know the fry nursing technique of monosex GIFT tilapia and their growth, survival and production performance at farmers level.

Methodology:

Study Area and description of the ponds: The 40-days experiment was conducted during 23 September to 2 November, 2013 for Tilapia at the selected farmers’ pond of Kounia and Lalmonirhat Sadar upazilas. For Tilapia, the nursing period was 40 days, eight rectangular, semi- rectangular, oval earthen ponds with an area of 15 decimal each and an average depth of 6ft each were used. All ponds were situated side by side in the different areas. Size, depth, basin conformation, bottom type and contour of all ponds were varying from each other. The ponds were well exposed to sunlight, not interconnected by inlet and outlet and the main sources of water were rainfall and water supply from a deep tube-well using a flexible plastic pipe whenever needed. The embankment was well protected and covered with grass. Experimental design: The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) into three different treatments with three replications each except Treatment T1 with two replication in two upazila: Kounia and Lalmonirhat Sadar upazilas. The stocking densities of tilapia were 1000, 1200 and 1400/dec in treatment T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Pre stocking management/ Pond preparation: Embankment and bottom repairing: Dikes of some ponds were broken and bottom was irregular. Ponds were repaired and bushes were eliminated. Large trees were not allowed for proper sunlight penetration. Ponds were dried if required. Control of undesirable species and aquatic weeds: Before commencing the experiment all ponds were renovated and aquatic vegetation were uprooted manually. The weeds of embankment were also cleaned manually. Pond dikes were repaired using the excavated bottom soils. Unwanted fishes and other aquatic organisms were eradicated by rotenone application at the dose of 30-40 g/dec/ft (1 dec = 40.48 m²). The dead fishes and other aquatic organisms were removed by repeated netting. Liming: Lime (CaO) was applied at a rate of 1 kg /dec after one week of rotenone application. Lime was liquefied into an earthen pot and then applied by spreading homogenously in the ponds. Fertilization: The fertilization of pond is very essential for successful pond fish culture. Both organic and inorganic fertilizer may be applied to the pond but inorganic fertilizer gives intensification of plankton productivity. After liming, ponds were fertilized with urea and TSP each at a rate of 200g /dec and 100 g/dec. TSP was applied after dissolving in plastic buckets for 10 to 12 hours before application. Fertilizers were applied by spreading methods carefully. Stocking management: Collection of GIFT tilapia fry: After liming and fertilizing activities, water became greenish and ponds were ready for fry stocking. The quality tilapia fry was purchased from BFRI authorized hatchery at Mymensingh district. The fry was packed by oxygenated bag and transported to respective areas by air-conditioned car. Stocking: Tilapia fry (avg 0.107g, avg1.0 cm and age of 30 days old) was stocked in the morning on 23th September 2013. All ponds were stocked with tilapia at densities of 1000, 1200, 1400 fry/dec at T1, T2, and T3, respectively as shown in the Table 1.The containers were kept in water in the experimental ponds for about 30 minutes for temperature acclimatization before the release of fry. The weight of around 10% tilapia fry of each pond was measured and recorded for estimation of initial stocking biomass and to adjust initial feeding rate. Post stocking management: Analysis of water quality parameters: Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and transparency were recorded weekly during the study period and data were collected between 9.00 am to 11.00 am of the day. Harvesting: Fishes were completely harvested after 40 days of nursing, harvesting of fishes were performed by repeated netting using a seine net (prepared by nylon) and counted for total number separately from each pond to evaluate the survival rate. After counting, weight and length of some individual tilapias were also taken. Sampling (length-weight data recording) of tilapia fry: For the calculation of feeding rate, sampling was done every ten days intervals by using a net. Small and rather inadequate sample 10-20 tilapias were taken to make some rough assessment of growth trends, even knowing that such samples might not represent the actual growth situation. Weight of tilapia fry in each sampling was measured by using a digital electronic balance (TANITA KD160, range: 0-2 kg). The length of the fishes was also measured by using a steel made scale during sampling. Ponds were visited regularly and pond conditions and tilapia health condition were monitored during the culture period. The sampled were handled very carefully as the small fry are very susceptible to handling stress. Production (kg/dec/40 days): At the end of the experiments, most of the fishes were caught by net and the rest by draining out the ponds. It was calculated as: Production = No. of fish harvested × Average final weight of fish (g). Statistical analysis: The data obtained on the growth performance of fish, survival rate and production were statistically analyzed to see whether the influence of different treatments (stocking densities) on these parameters were significant or not. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).

Source of Information: MS Thesis, Roll No. 12 Fish Aqua JJ-01M, Registration No.: 34757 Session: 2007-2008, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

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Funding Source:

Budget:

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Achievement/Findings:

Although the individual weight gain in T3 was highest and total production was highest in T3 (6.60 Kg/dec/40 days) which might be due to higher number of fishes. Based on the present experimental condition, it can be recommended that the optimum stocking density for monosex GIFT tilapia fry should be 1400 fish/pond with respect to growth, as the size of the fish influences the market price.

Knowledge Management: Thesis