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Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rapeseed Mutants in Diverse Environments

Rehenuma Tabassum
Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Malek
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Fakhrul Islam Monshi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seven mutants of rapeseed (RM-01-05, RM-02-05, RM-03-05 RM-04-05, RM-05-05, RM-10-05 and RM-11-05) along with mother variety Binasarisha-4 were evaluated in four different locations to evaluate their performances regarding seed yield and yield contributing characters and to select promising mutants having high seed yield with short maturity period. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed significant variation among the mutant lines and check variety for most of the characters in four different locations. Combined means that all mutants matured earlier and most of the mutants produced higher number of branches per plant compared to mother variety. Combined means over locations showed that three mutants namely RM-01-05, RM-04-05 and RM-10-05 produced the seed yield of 1957, 1910 and 1837 kg ha^-1, respectively which were significantly higher than the mother variety. These three mutants also produced higher number of siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua and 1000-seed weight than the other mutants and mother variety and may used for further study for achieving a rapeseed variety for the Bangladeshi farmers. In location wise performance of all the characters, Magura showed the best followed by Ishurdi than the other two locations, may be due to the environmental and soil characteristics of a particular location. Therefore, present research suggests that gamma rays irradiation can be fruitfully applied to develop mutants with higher seed yield and other improved agronomic traits in Oleiferous brassica.

Keywords: Brassica napus L., Rapeseed, Promising mutants, Evaluation

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To evaluate the performances of the mutants for their seed yield and yield components at different rapeseed growing agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh to select the promising mutant (s).

Methodology:

To create genetic variations, seeds of popular variety Binasarisha-4 were irradiated with 600, 700 and 800 Gy doses of gamma rays using Co⁶⁰ gamma cell. Treated seeds were then planted to grow M₁ generation at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh in 2005 for the selection of improved genotypes in the subsequent generations. In each of M₂, M₃, M₄, M₅ and M₆ generation, selection for the desired agronomic traits was made. From M6 generation, seven true breeding mutants (RM-01-05, RM-02-05, RM-03-05 RM-04-05, RM-05-05, RM-10-05 and RM-11-05) were selected for further evaluation. Those seven mutants along with mother variety Binasarisha-4 were used as plant materials for evaluation in this experiment. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at four locations of Bangladesh (farms of BINA head quarters, Mymensingh and BINA sub-stations at Magura, Ishurdi and Rangpur) during 2010-2011. Seeds were sown on 3 November in BINA head quarters, 24 October at Magura, 28 October at Ishurdi and 25 October at Rangpur in 2010. Unit plot size was 12 m² (4×3 m) with 25 cm row to row spacing and 6-8 cm from plant to plant within rows. Recommended production packages i.e., application of fertilizers, weeding, thinning, irrigation, application of pesticide etc. were followed to ensure normal plant growth and development of the plants in each plot. Data were taken on morphological characters such as plant height and branches/plant and yield attributes like siliquae/plant, 1000 seed weight and seeds per siliqua from 10 randomly selected representative plants from each plot at maturity. Maturity period was counted when approximately 70% siliquae of each plot turned into yellowish brown colour. Plot seed yield was taken after proper drying of seeds and converted into kg ha^-1. The data were then analyzed statistically according to the design used using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique following Gomez and Gomez and the mean values were compared by DMRT at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Agricultural Research 9 (6): 325-333, 2015; ISSN 1819-1894

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ajar.2015.325.333

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study revealed the presence of high levels of variations for seven different morphological traits including yield attributes and seed yield among the newly developed 7 mutants along with mother genotype of rapeseed. These mutants could be served as raw materials for further genetic improvement of different characters of the rapeseed. Most of the traits showed positive correlations between each other, which will assist in the combined improvement of these traits by selecting only highly heritable and easily measurable phenotypic traits. These results also confirm that not only the geographical background but also induced mutations significantly contribute to creating genetic variations. Therefore, among the mutants and mother variety, three mutants RM-01-05, M-04-05 and RM-10-05 showed better performance for seed yield and yield attributes and hold promise to be mutant varieties. Moreover, this suggests that gamma rays irradiation can be fruitfully applied to develop mutants with higher seed yield and other improved agronomic traits in oleiferous Brassica. This study indicated the presence of high levels of genetic diversity among the mutants for evaluated characters.

Knowledge Management: Journal