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Study on the Status of Black Rat, Rattus Rattus on Coconut and Its Eco-friendly Management Technique at Southern Part of Bangladesh

M. A. RAHMAN
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

M.A.MONIM
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

M.R. KARIM
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

G.C.BISWAS
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

M.S.ALAM
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

M.AHMED
Vertibrate and Pest Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The status of black rat Rattus rattus on control coconut and its management techniques were conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal and at the farmers field of Lebukhali, Patuakhali during 2013-14 and 2014-15. The average nut damaged by black rat in coconut was 22.71% at the RARS, Rahmatpur and 30.97% at the farmer’s field of Lebukhali, Patuakhali. Among the treatments metal sheet (2x5ft) was wrapped around the tree trunk 3 ft above from the ground as barrier reduced the highest nut damage 89.57% at the RARS, Rahmatpur and 85.25% at Farmers field of Lebukhali, Patuakhali followed by barrier of aluminum foil 76.30% and 74.79% at RARS, Rahmatpur and Farmers field in Lebukhali, Patuakhali respectively in 2014 and 2015.

Keywords: Vertibrate, Rat, Farmers field

Location: RARS, Barisal and Patuakhali

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rats

Objectives:

To know the status of black rat and to develop an eco-friendly and cost effective management technique for controlling this vertibrate pest.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted at RARS, Barisal and Farmers field of Lebukhali (Dumki Upazila), Patuakhali during September 2013 to May 2014. There were 5 treatments in both locations but additional treatment, sanitation (clean management) was at farmer’s field of Lebukhali. All treatments were assigned as follows: T₁: Barrier by metal sheet, T₂: Barrier by aluminium foil, T₃: Trapping (Snap/Kill), T₄: Acute poison (Zn Phosphide 2%) bait, T₅: Sanitation (clean management) and T₆: Untreated control. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with five replications. One tree was served as one replication. The treatments were randomly allotted in each block. Trees with average age (10-12 years) and green nuts (25-30 days) were considered for study. Total trees of the selected farmers and farms were divided into five groups and data were recorded every alternate day on number of damaged and healthy nuts per tree. Percent damaged nuts were calculated in different treatments. The groups (10 trees/group at RARS, Rahmatpur and 5 trees/group at Lebukhali) were categorized based on plant height, age and damaged nut. Metal sheet (2 x 5ft) and aluminum foil (2 x 5ft) were wrapped around the tree trunk 3 ft above from the ground. A Snap/kill trap was set at the base of the coconut tree per plant with palatable food (dry fish and biscuits mixtures). Numbers of trapped rats were checked and recorded every day. Acute poison bait (3 g) was placed on a piece of paper at the bottom of every plant and weight was measured before placing the fresh poison bait. The data were analyzed using MSTAT software and means were separated by least significant differences (LSD) at 5% level of significance. Percent data were transformed by arsine value before analysis.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Vertibrate and Pest, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest damage was 30.43% nut (group-2) and the lowest was 22.73% nut (group-3) during 2013-2014 and the highest damage was 25.30 % (group-3) and the lowest was 17.17% (group-1) in 2014-2015 at RARS, Rahmatpur, Barisal. In the farmers field of Lebukhali, the highest damage was 33.45% nut (group-3) and the lowest was 23.92% nut (group-5) in 2013-2014 and the highest 41.18% (group-3) and the lowest was 26.83% (group-5) in 2014-2015. The effectiveness of different treatments for controlling the black rat at RARS, In RARS, Rahmatpur, Barisal, barrier by wrapping of metal sheet around the tree trunk provided significantly the highest reduction of nut damage (88.18% in 2013-14 and 90.08% in 2014-15) over pretreatment followed by acute poison bait (73.62% in 2013-14 and 76.28% in 2014-15 ) which was statistically identical with barrier by aluminum foil (72.17% in 2013-14 and 78.43% in 2014-15). On the other hand, barrier by wrapping of metal sheet around the tree trunk provided significantly the highest reduction of nut damage (85.06% in 2013-14 and 85.40 in 2014-15) over pretreatment followed by barrier of aluminum foil (70.91% in 2013-14 and 78.68% in 2014-15) which was statistically identical with trapping (60.50% in 2013-14 and 63.73% in 2014-15) at farmers field of Lebukhali. Whereas, 42.83% and 50.34% reduction of rat population was observed in trapping by snap trap in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, respectively at RARS, Barisal and 35.79 % and 33.41% reduction of rat population was found in acute poison bait in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, respectively at the farmer’s field of Lebukhali. In 2014-2015, the result was good (21.89%, avg % damaged nut) in compare to 2013-2014 (27.53%, avg % damaged nut) because much more attention had been paid and gained knowledge applied through the experimental period. Farmers have understand the technique that the tree’s canopy to tree’s canopy distance should be maintained (min.3 ft) and therefore metal sheet gave the best result. Significantly the nut damage increase 13.4% and 11.43% in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, respectively at RARS, Barisal and -2.15% and 17.25% in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, respectively at the farmer’s field of Lebukhali, Patuakhali over pretreatment was recorded in untreated control trees. In 2014-2015 for trapping treatment, 5% rats were more trapped from previous year (2013-2014) at RARS, Barisal and 04% rats were more trapped at farmers field of Lebukhali from 2013-2014. Whereas, in case of Acute poison (Zn phosphide 2%) baiting treatment 3% dead rats were more found at RARS, Barisal from last year and there was no visibly dead rat was found in 2013-2014 but 3% dead was found in 2014-2015 at farmers field of Lebukhali

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