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Variation of Growth, Yield and Protein Content of Transplant Aman Rice by Three Agronomic Practices

Susmita Ray
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Rahman Sarkar
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Swapan Kumar Paul
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Mominul Islam
Assistan professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Sabina Yeasmin
Assistan professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research work was conducted to find out the effect of variety, spacing of transplanting and nitrogen (N) rate on the growth, yield and protein content of transplant Aman rice. The experiment consisted of three rice varieties: BR11, BRRI dhan49 and BRRI dhan56; two spacings of transplanting: 25 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 10 cm; and three N-levels: 0, 60 and 80 kg N ha^-1. Morpho-physiological characters, yield contributing characters and yield of transplant Aman rice were significantly influenced by variety, spacing of transplanting and N rate. Experimental results indicated that BRRI dhan49 in combination with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha^-1 gives the highest leaf area index, total dry matter content, crop growth rate, number of effective tillers hill^-1 and number of grains panicle^-1, and lowest number of sterile spikelets panicle^-1 and sterility percentage of grain. These growth and yield parameters attributed the highest grain yield (5.51 t ha^-1) by this combination. In terms of grain protein content variety BR11 combination with spacing 20 cm × 10 cm with 80 kg N ha^-1 appears the highest (9.05%). The value was statistically similar with the combination of BRRI dhan49, 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and 80 kg N ha^-1 (8.91%). Therefore, it can be concluded that BRRI dhan49 combined with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 80 kg N ha^-1 appears as the promising practice for the maximization of grain yield and protein content of transplant Aman rice.

Keywords: Aman Rice, Leaf Area Index, Total Dry Matter, Crop Growth Rate, Protein Content.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-06-2013

End Date: 00-11-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out the effect of variety, spacing of transplanting and nitrogen (N) rate on the growth, yield and protein content of transplant Aman rice

Methodology:

Experimental Site, Soil and Climatic Conditions: The experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from June to November, 2013 (Aman season). This experimental site is located at 90º25'45.7" E longitude and 24º43'07.3'' N latitude (central coordinates) having an altitude of 18 m above the mean sea level. The experimental plot is medium high land having sandy loam with pH 6.8, and organic matter content is low. Experimental Treatments and Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Collection and Sprouting of Seed:Certified seeds of BR11 and BRRI dhan49 were collected from BADC and BRRI respectively.Seeds were then soaked in water for 24 h. Thereafter, seeds were taken out of water and kept thickly in gunny bags. The seeds started sprouting after 48 h of steeping and were sown after 72 h. Preparation of Seedling Nursery and Seed Sowing: A piece of land was selected in the Agronomy Field Laboratory, BAU, Mymensingh for raising seedling. The land was properly puddled with country plough, cleaned and levelled with ladder. Then sprouted seeds were sown in the nursery beds. Proper care was taken to raise the seedlings in the seedbed. No manuring or fertilization was done in the nursery bed. Preparation of Experimental Land: The experimental land was first opened with a power tiller. Then the land was prepared by ploughing and cross ploughing with a country plough and subsequently levelled by laddering. All weeds and stubble were removed from the land. The field layout was accomplished according to the experimental design adopted. Fertilizer Application: The land was fertilized with triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum and zinc sulphate at the rate of 90, 75, 60 and 8 kg ha^-1, respectively. The entire amounts of TSP, MoP, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied at final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in the form of urea as per treatment of the experiment i.e. 0, 60 and 80 kg N ha^-1in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Sampling, Harvesting and Processing: The crop was harvested at full maturity. The date of harvesting was confirmed when 90% of the seed became golden yellow in color. Five hills (1m²) were selected randomly from each unit plot and uprooted for recording data. After sampling, a central area of 1 m × 1 m was selected from each unit plot as harvest area. BRRI dhan56 was harvested twenty days earlier than BRRI dhan49 and about one month earlier than BR11. The harvested crop of each plot was separately bundled, properly tagged and then brought to threshing floor. The crop was threshed by pedal thresher and the fresh weights of grain and straw were recorded plot^-1. The grains were cleaned and sun dried to moisture content of 14%. Finally grain and straw yields plot^-1 were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. Growth Parameters: Growth parameter such as leaf area index (LAI) and total dry matter production (TDM) hill^-1 were determined at 20, 35, 50 and 65 DAT. Five hills were marked by bamboo stick excluding boarder rows to collect data on plant height and tiller number. Five hills were destructed every sampling dates for LAI and TDM. The leaf area was measured by an automatic leaf area meter. LAI was calculated as the ratio of total leaf area and total ground area of the sample. To determine TDM, two hills were taken excluding border rows and central 1 m × 1 m harvest area at 20, 35, 50 and 65 DAT. The roots of each plant were removed, then the plants were washed with tap water and the destructive plant samples were packed in labeled brown paper bags and dried in the oven at 85±5°C for 72 h until constant weight was reached. The samples were weighed carefully after oven drying to measure the dry weight of plant. Crop Growth Rate was also calculated by formula. Chemical Parameter: Chemical Parameter like total N content, protein content in grain were determined chemically. Statistical Analysis: Data were compiled and tabulated in proper form for statistical analysis. The recorded data on different parameters were analyzed with the help of computer package MSTAT-C. The mean differences among the treatments were tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Agricultural and Biological Sciences Journal Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 167-176, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment BRRI dhan49 in combination with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing and application of 80 kg N ha^-1 gave the highest grain yield as well as higher protein content. As increasing rice yield is the main goal for rice based developing country to feed the increased population. Therefore, these management combinations appears most effective practice for maximizing the grain yield of Aman rice especially for the variety BRRI dhan49 considering the soil and climatic condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal