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Effect of Seasonal Variations on Jackfruit Trunk Borer (batocera Rufomaculata De Geer) Infestation

K.U. Ahmed
Tuber Crop Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Entomology, BSMRAU, Gazipur - 1706, Bangladesh

M.Z. Alam
Department of Entomology, BSMRAU, Gazipur - 1706, Bangladesh

M.M. Hossain
Department of Horticulture, BSMRAU, Gazipur - 1706, Bangladesh

M.G. Miah
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, BSMRAU, Gazipur - 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study of seasonal influence on incidence of trunk borer infestation was undertaken during 2010 at Kapasia upazila under district of Gazipur, Bangladesh. The borer was found in orchard from June to September with a peak emergence in mid July. The larval population of Jackfruit trunk borer is the destructive pest stage, which evokes concern in jackfruit growing areas of Bangladesh. The highest percentage of infestation was in July (7.33%) followed by June and August (6.00%). The cumulative infestation over the year in the study area was 35.33% in October. The lowest infestation was observed in February (0.67%) whereas no activity was found during November to January. The incidence of infestation of trunk borer was influenced by temperature, rainfall and relative humidity due to seasonal variations and their contribution of the regression (R²) were 63, 65 and 31%, respectively. Five independent weather factors in stepwise regression equation pooled responsible for 67.4% of the total variance. Stepwise regression showed that maximum temperature was the most important to influence 35.3% and the influence was lowest (2.1%) in case of average rainfall.

Keywords: Seasonal variation, Infestation, Jackfruit trunk borer, Batocera rufomaculata

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Jackfruit

Objectives:

1.	To know the year round infestation pattern of trunk borer on jackfruit trees
2.	To know the climatic factors regulating the seasonal distribution of the pest

Methodology:

The seasonal influence on the incidence of trunk borer in farmers’ orchard was studied in terms of trunk infestation in jackfruit trees throughout the year 2010. For this purpose, three orchards were selected at Kapasia upazila under Gazipur district of Bangladesh. From those orchards a total of randomly selected 150 healthy jackfruit trees were studied. Observations were made on the jackfruit trees at 15 days interval on 2.5 m height trunk from ground. Observation was made to detect the presence of infestation of the trees in different months of the year. The symptoms observed to detect the presence of infestation are given bellow:

•	Presence of yellowish brown chewed saw dust beneath the tree ground
•	Number of hole per tree trunk
•	Symptoms of secreting fresh red cell sap (red watery and sticky substance)
•	Oozing hole per tree trunk
•	Fresh frass/excreta present or its accumulation on surroundings of the entry of hole
•	To find eggs of the trunk borer damaged plant parts were observed. The adults were difficult to find in day time because of its nocturnal habits. Besides observing the above symptoms, the hole and tunnels were cut-open and the alive larvae inside the tunnel were collected for rearing and those dead were preserved in the laboratory for further study

Percent incidence of infestation of different months was calculated as: Incidence of infestation (%) = (Number of attacked trees of the month/Total number of trees) x 100. These observations were used to assess the pest occurrence and population fluctuations round the year. Weather parameter such as temperature, rainfall and relative humidity were recorded from the adjoining meteorological station of the department of agricultural extension at kapasia. All the collected data were coded, tabulated, checked and analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods including the computer-based statistical package SPSS13 version suitable for survey data analysis Microsoft Excel and Mstat-C was also utilized.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 16: 339-344; ISSN 1028-8880

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.339.344; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2013.339.344

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The incidence of infestation of trunk borer was influenced by temperature, rainfall and relative humidity due to seasonal variations and their contribution of the regression (R²) were 63, 65 and 31%, respectively. Five independent weather factors in stepwise regression equation pooled responsible for 67.4% of the total variance. Stepwise regression showed that maximum temperature was the most important to influence 35.3% and the influence was lowest (2.1%) in case of average rainfall.

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