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Performance of Strawberry Genotypes in Bangladesh

S. M. L. Rahman
Citrus Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Jaintapur, Sylhet

M. M. Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. K. Mian
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

T. Hossain
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to study the variability and performance of six strawberry genotypes at the Research field and Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, during November 2007 to April 2008. Remarkable variability were recorded among the genotypes in respect of days to flower initiation, flowers/truss, flower disk diameter, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, number of fruits/plant, weight of fruits/plant, yield/ha and fruit TSS(%). Days to flower initiation, flowers per truss, flower trusses per plant, flower diameter and flower disk diameter ranges from 71.64 to 81.87, 7.40 to 12.73, 2.49 to 3.94, 1.74 cm to 2.44 cm, 0.66 cm to 0.90 cm, respectively. The heaviest (24.70 g) and the lightest (8.34 g) fruits were obtained from the genotypes FA002 and FA005 respectively. Number of fruits per plant, weight of fruits per plant and fruit TSS (%) ranged from 13.74 to 25.00 and 129.85 g to 442.50 g and 8.57 to 13.44 respectively. The genotype FA002 gave the maximum fruit yield (22.78 t/ha) while the genotype FA005 gave the minimum (7.05 t/ha).

Keywords: Strawberry, Variability, Truss, Achene.

Location: Horticulture Research Farm, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2007

End Date: 00-04-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Strawberry

Objectives:

To study the variability and performance of six strawberry genotypes in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Source of the genotypes Six strawberry genotypes viz. FA001, FA002, FA003, FA004, FA005 and FA006 were used for the study. Out of these, the genotypes FA002 and FA003 were collected from Rajshahi University and BAU respectively. Rest of four were collected from different reputed nurseries of the country. Experiment site and land preparation The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during the period from November 2007 to April 2008. The experimental site is located at the center of Madhupur Tract (24.09 degree North latitude and 90.26 degree East longitude) at 8.5 m above the sea level and about 40 km north of Dhaka. The land was deep ploughed with tractor followed by harrowing and laddering up to a good tilth. All weeds and stubbles were removed. The plots were prepared with drains which were made around each plot and the excavated soil was used for raising the plots about 10 cm from soil surface. Ridges were made around each plot to restrict the lateral run-off of irrigation water. Well decomposed cow dung or compost and fertilizers-DAP, MP were applied @ 37 tons, 640 kg and 333 kg per hectare in general (Hossain, 2009). Full dose of cow dung and DAP and half of MP were applied at final land preparation and rest of MP in two installments. Immediately after manuring and fertilizing and preparing the field for planting, solarization was done by laying clear plastic mulch on moist soil so that heat was trapped under the plastic, raising the soil's temperature, killing or debilitating pests. This solarization took about six weeks and after that mulch was removed before planting of strawberry saplings. Design and layout The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The unit plot size was 1.5 m x 1.2 m accommodating 10 daughter plants in each plot having row and plant spacing of 60.96 cm x 30.48 cm respectively (Hossain, 2006). The unit plots and blocks were separated by 0.6 m and 0.75 m respectively. Planting of saplings and intercultural operations Saplings were transplanted on 06 November 2007 with the row and plant spacing 60.96 cm x 30.48 cm and placed the sapling in the soil in such a way that both the level of soil and of polyethylene pots remain in same level. Water was applied immediately after transplanting. Under the intercultural operations, runners were removed at every 3 to 4 days intervals in order to make the shoot tip capable to initiate flower and help develop the plants producing good size and quality fruits. Later on 2 to 3 runners per plant were allowed to produce 1st daughter plant which normally rooted to the soil. The daughter plants were then removed with soil and placed in another bed for multiplication. This practice helps to increase fruit yield as well as multiplication of daughter plants quite in large number for next season planting. Straw mulch was applied around the plants as a normal practice in order to conserve soil moisture, decreasing weed growth and to provide healthy condition for the fruits. Irrigation was given whenever necessary to keep the soil moisture available in the field for better plant growth. Plant protection, data collection and statistical analysis The crop was protected from the attack of insect pests by applying Sumithion 60 EC @ 1ml/l. Phytophthora crown rot is a most important strawberry disease in Bangladesh which was observed at fruiting stage and it was controlled by spraying Ridomil gold @ 2 g/l. Strawberries were harvested by hand picking when it was firm and well colored and early in the day at an interval of 3 to 4 days. After harvest, fruits were cooled under shade. The data were recorded from randomly selected five plants from each plot. The recorded data on different parameters were compiled and statistically analyzed using MSTATC computer program and the treatment means were compared by DMRT (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2013) 17 (1 & 2): 29-40 ISSN 1025-482X

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant height increased with the progress of different days after planting (DAP) in all the treatments and varied significantly with variation ranged from 5.20 to 7.20 cm, 7.80 to 10.53cm and 9.50 to 13.23cm at 20 DAP, 40 DAP & 60 DAP respectively. Regarding plant spread (NS), all the genotypes showed increasing trend up to 60 DAP. At the three growth stages (20 DAP, 40 DAP & 60 DAP), the highest Plant spread (north-south direction) (NS) of 17.21cm, 24.50cm, & 28.40 cm respectively were obtained from the genotype FA005 and the lowest plant spread of 14.25 cm, 20.51 cm & 24.71 cm were recorded from the genotype FA006. The variation in plant spread (east-west direction) might be due to the influence of the genetical characteristics of the genotypes. At the early stage of the crop, the plant spread (east-west direction) was increased rapidly due to the favorable temperature and clear sunny days which presumably promoted the growth and development of plants. The number of leaves per plant increased as the age of the plants increased. At all the growth stages, maximum number of leaves of 12.11, 21.21 and 40 respectively were recorded from the genotype FA003 whereas the minimum number of leaves 8.00 was recorded from the genotype FA002 at 20 DAP. At 40 and 60 DAP, the minimum number of leaves of 16.25 and 30.00 were recorded from the genotype FA006 and FA002 respectively. Remarkable variabiliy were recorded among the genotypes in respect of days to flower initiation, flowers/truss, flower disk diameter, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, number of fruits/plant, weight of fruits/plant, yield/ha and fruit TSS(%). Days to flower initiation, flowers per truss, flower trusses per plant, flower diameter and flower disk diameter ranges from 71.64 to 81.87, 7.40 to 12.73, 2.49 to 3.94, 1.74 cm to 2.44 cm, 0.66 cm to 0.90 cm, respectively. The heaviest (24.70 g) and the lightest (8.34 g) fruits were obtained from the genotypes FA002 and FA005 respectively. Number of fruits per plant, weight of fruits per plant and fruit TSS (%) ranged from 13.74 to 25.00 and 129.85 g to 442.50 g and 8.57 to 13.44 respectively. The genotype FA002 gave the maximum fruit yield (22.78 t/ha) while the genotype FA005 gave the minimum (7.05 t/ha).

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