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Effect of Potassium on Yield and Storage Quality of Two Process Potato Varieties

A. A. Mahmud
Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre (TCRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chelopara, Bogra-5800,

M. A. Hoque
Department of Horticulture, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706

M. Zakaria
Department of Horticulture, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706

A. A. Mamun
Upazilla Agriculture Officer (LR), DAE, Khamarbari, Dhaka

U. Habiba
Dept. of Botany, Shahid Smriti Govt. College, Muktagacha, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

From two years field trial, it was found that highest tuber yield was observed in Asterix (36.4 ton/ha) from 200 kg K₂O application and Felsina (27.5 ton/ha) from 150 kg K₂O application. From the regression curve, it was estimated that the optimum K₂O doses were 192 kg/ha (for Asterix) and 181.5 kg/ha (for Felsina) which maximizes the yield, were 35 and 28 ton/ha, respectively. In case of dry matter, it was observed that both the variety Asterix (21.8 %) and Felsina (22.2 %) were produced from 200 kg-K₂O/ha was used and further increase of fertilizer dose dry matter decreased. However, the optimum K20 doses for Asterix and Felsina were 175 and 179 kg/ha and the estimated dry matter were 20.83% and 22.3%, respectively. K₂0 also increased the seed size potato production up to a certain limit. In normal storage condition, increase in K₂0 application decreased the cumulative weight loss.

Keywords: Potasium, Storage quality, Process potato.

Location: Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Potato

Objectives:

i) To determine the optimum dose of K₂O for maximizing the yield of potato and

ii) To find out the K₂O level for long time storage at ambient condition.

Methodology:

Field experiment: A factorial (2 x 4) experiment was conducted during 2009-10 and 2010-11 at the research field of the Tuber Crops Research Sub Centre (TCRSC), Munshiganj, using two potato varieties and four levels of K fertilizer in a randomized complete block with 3 replications. Two process oriented potato varieties were Asterisk and felsina with four different doses of potash fertilizer viz. 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg-K₂O/ha were applied using muriate of potash (MP). Fertilizers were applied as per recommendation of TCRC (Hussain et al., 2006) which consisted of Urea (350 kg/ha), TSP (220 kg/ha), Gypsum (120 kg/ha) and Boric acid (6 kg/ha). Full amount of different fertilizers and half doses of urea were applied during final land preparation. Rest half of the urea was applied as top dressing after 35 days of planting. The individual plot size was 9 m² (3m x 3m) and tubers were planted on plots maintaining 60 cm distance between rows and 25 cm between plants in a row. The experiment was set on November 26 in 2009 and November 28 in 2010 and harvesting was done on March 01 in 2010 and March 05 in 2011, respectively.

Computation of optimum K₂O rates for maximum yield of potato The optimum K₂O rate was computed from the equation (1) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984)

Ny= -b/2c …………. (1)

For dry matter calculation, 2-3 tubers from each treatment were randomly taken and fresh weight (along with an envelope) was recorded. The tubers were then cut into smaller pieces, placed inside the envelope, and dried in the sun carefully for 1-2 days. The sun dried samples were then placed in the electric oven and the temperature was set to 65^oC. The cut pieces were dried for at least 36 hours until a constant weight was achieved. Therefore, the dry matter was calculated using the equation (2)

Ny = (Fresh wt. - Dry wr.)/Fresh wt.…… (2)

Potassium level for storing of potato: In a lab experiment, medium sized potato tuber weighing 5.0 kg (produced from the experiment) was used for keeping quality assessment stored at ambient temperature. Treatment (variety x K₂O level) wise tubers were stored in well ventilated insect proof wooden racks under diffused light on natural condition on March 06, 2010 and March 05, 2011 for a period of 150 days for two consecutive seasons stored in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data on initial number of stored tubers were recorded. During 150 days of storage, total weight of tubers at 30 days of interval, days to start shriveling and sprout initiation were recorded. In each date, after weighing of total tubers, the rotten tubers were sorted out and number/weight of rotten tubers along with possible causes were also recorded. From the recorded data, cumulative total loss (weight loss+ rottage loss) at different dates was calculated. Data that were collected from both the field and laboratory experiment (average of 2 years trial) had been analyzed with EXCEL and GENSTAT 4.2 program.

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2013) 17 (1 & 2): 41-52 ISSN 1025-482X

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In current study, it can be concluded that highest tuber yield was observed in Asterix (36.4 ton/ha) from 200 kg K₂O application and Felsina (27.5 ton/ha) from 150kg K₂O application. It was also estimated that the optimum K₂O doses were 192 kg/ha (for Asterix) and 181.5 kg/ha (for Felsina) which maximizes the tuber yield. K₂0 also increased the seed size of potato production up to a certain limit. In normal storage condition, increase in K₂0 application decreased the cumulative weight loss and increase storability. Application of potash also increases the shelf life of potato.

Knowledge Management: Journal