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Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Lifestyle, Diet and Medicinal Plants

N. Haque
Department of RDDR, Modern Herbal group, Dhaka - 1217, Bangladesh

U. Salma
Department of RDDR, Modern Herbal group, Dhaka - 1217, Bangladesh

T.R. Nurunnabi
Biotechnology and Genetic Enginnering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna - 9208, Bangladesh

M.J. Uddin
Department of Chemistry, Primeasea University, HBR Tower, ( Banani, Dhaka - 1213, Bangladesh

M.F.K. Jahangir
Biotechnology and Genetic Enginnering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna - 9208, Bangladesh

S.M.Z. Islam
Biotechnology and Genetic Enginnering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna - 9208, Bangladesh

M. Kamruzzaman
Biotechnology and Genetic Enginnering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna - 9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Globally, the prevalence of chronic, noncommunicable diseases is increasing at an alarming rate and diabetes is one of them. If diabetes is not controlled then a lot of complication like coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy arise in diabetic patients and causes morbidity and/or mortality. Diabetes is increasing at an epidemic form and in near future the largest increases will take place in the regions dominated by developing economies. So, it will be a great social and economical burden to developing countries as well as the developed. But if we be aware about our diet and lifestyle and take proper medication we may prevent and reduce the prevalence of diabetes. Oral medicine plays an important role in management of diabetes. But most of the oral drugs are costly and have a lot of side effects. For this it is also necessary to take medicines with fewer or no side effects. And antidiabetic medicinal plants may play an important role in this case. In this article we have tried to describe how diet and lifestyle with using medicinal plants may help to prevent or maintain diabetes and help to reduce the mortality and morbidity due to diabetes or complication related to it.

Keywords: Hypoglycemic, Insulin resistence, Diabetes mellitus, Glycerine index

Location: Department of RDDR, Modern Herbal group, Dhaka - 1217, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Plant(s)

Objectives:

To study the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by lifestyle, diet and medicinal plants.

Methodology:

Oral anti-diabetic drugs are usually taken when diet and exercise failed to maintain hyperglycemia. Oral anti-diabetic agents are used to stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to produce more insulin (sulfonylureas and meglitinides), increase the sensitivity of muscles and other tissues to insulin (thiazolidinediones), decrease gluconeogenesis by the liver (biguanides), delay the absorption of carbohydrates from the gastrointestinal tract (alpha-glucosidase), treat hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulimea. But presently, there is growing interest in herbal remedies due to the side effects associated with the oral hypoglycemic agents (therapeutic agent) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In recent years, herbal medicines have started to gain importance as a source of hypoglycemic agents. Biological actions of the plant products used as alternative medicines to treat diabetes are related to their chemical composition. Herbal products or plant products are rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose levels. Several species of herbal drugs have been described in the scientific and popular literature as having antidiabetic activity. Several investigators reported anti-diabetic properties of various herbs not only in rats but also in humans. Some of these showed the mechanisms by which medicinal plants produce anti-diabetic effects include: recovery of beta cells, inhibition of glucose absorption, stimulation of insulin release and increased glucose tolerance. Furthermore, the lipid lowering properties have been described. Due to their perceived effectiveness, fewer side effects in clinical experience and relatively low costs, herbal drugs are now being prescribed widely by so many health practitioners. In the following paragraphs we describe the effect and mechanism of medicinal plants in maintenance of DM.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 14: 13-24; ISSN 1028-8880

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.13.24; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2011.13.24

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

With the development of modern technology a lot of animal and clinical trials on antidiabetic properties of medicinal plants have been conducted. In this study we included few of them. Among these herbs the antidiabetic properties of Trigonella foenum-graecum, Momordica charantia, Gymnema sylvestre, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Ocimum sanctum, Catharanthus roseus have been proved by both animal and clinical trials. Moreover, through animal studies researchers are trying to prove the antidiabetic properties of traditionally used plants and their usefulness in the ethnotherapy of type 2 diabete. On the other hand, the preparations of herbal antidiabetic medicine are cheap and economically feasible to low or middle income people also. So, it might play a significant role in prevention and maintenance of diabetes.

Knowledge Management: Journal