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Control of Seed Borne Disease of Brinjal Using Heat, Bioagent and Chemical Treatment

M.M. Rahman

F. Ahmed

F.H. Yeamin

L.Yasmin

M.G. Kibria

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effect of different hot water 48° C, 50° C, 52° C of 20, 25 and 30 min and 55° C and 60° C of 10 , 20 and 30 min heat treatment, Trichoderma and Bavistin on seed mycoflora, germination and vigour index of brinjal was evaluated. The seed treatments improved seed germination, vigour index and reducing seed borne mycoflora of brinjal seeds. A total of 5 fungal species were isolated from brinjal seeds. Isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Curvularia spp, Phomopsis vexans and Fusarium spp. on blotter and PDA media. Among them Phomopsis vexans and Fusarium spp were the most dominant pathogen observed on treated and untreated seeds of brinjal. It was effectively controlled in Ttrichodermthe and Bavistin fungicide applied treatment. The highest ssed germination was recorded in Trichoderma (77.67) followed by Bavistin (63.00) treatment whereas the lowest was in control treatment (29.67). Hot water and heat treatment also increased germination percentage. The highest percent incidence of mycoflora (19%) was recorded in control treatment whereas it was the lowest in Trichoderma and Bavistin treatment (3%). Trichoderma treated seeds showed beneficial effects on germination which resulted in increasing root-shoot length and seedling vigour. Vigour Index was the maximum in Trichoderma (443.5) followed by Bavistin (398.0) and the lowest was in control (169.4) treatments. Hot water and steam heat treatment also significantly increased seed vigour index. In both consideration of seed germination and mycoflora percentage Trichoderma and Bavistin performed better compared to hot water and heat treatment.

Keywords: Brinjal, Seed borne disease, Germination, Vigour

Location: HRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-2014

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To increase the yield and improve the health and seed quality of the crop by controlling seed-borne fungal pathogens.

Methodology:

The study was carried out at the Plant Pathology Section, HRC, BARI, Gazipur from March to June 2014. Seed sample of BARI Brinjal 8 analyzed for seed treatment study based on the germination and seed borne infections of fungal pathogens present in the seed samples, and six seed-borne fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata and Phomopsis vexans) seed-borne fungi detected by Blotter method following the International Rules for Seed Testing Association (ISTA, 2003) were selected for the seed treatment study. Four seed treatment practices hot water, heat treatment, Trichoderma and Bavistin used for controlling seed-borne infection of the pathogenic fungi of Brinjal. In hot water method the seeds were presoaked for 5 h in tap water, and then placed in hot water for 20 min, 25 min and 30 min at 48° C, 50°C and 52º C. In heat treatment for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min at 55º C and 60º C apply for seed treatment. Seeds were treated with culture of T. harzianum by mixing 400 seeds with 5 ml suspension. After 24h of treatment the seeds were air-dried and then subjected to incidence, seed germination, and seedling vigour tests. Treatment with fungicide Chemical fungicides viz., Bavistin (carbendazim) was collected from local market authorized agrochemical shops. Seeds were dressed separately with this chemical at the rate of 0.2% concentration. In all cases, untreated seeds were served as control. Fungi were isolated from seeds using the standared blotter method as recommended by ISTA (2003). Three replications of 50 seeds each from each treatment were plated on three layers of well moistened blotter (Whatmann No.1 filter papers) by soaking in 1 % sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min and washed in three successive changes of sterile distilled water. Three replications of 50 surface sterilized seed were again plated on moistened blotter. The seeded plated were incubated at 28 + /- 2 ºC under incubation, the plated seed were examined under a stereoscopic binocular microscope for microflora association. On the 8th day of incubation, seeds were evaluated for the incidence of mycoflora. Vigour Index: Radicle and Plumule length were recorded. Vigour index was calculated by using the formula of Baki and Anderson (1973) as shown below: Vigour index (VI) = (Mean shoot length + mean root length) x Germination (%).The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-2014 (Olericulture) HRC, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The lowest disease incidence was found in Trichoderma treated seed followed by Bavistin and the highest disease incidence was recorded in heat treatment and untreated control.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings